Strength asymmetry as a criterion for evaluating the implementation of motor programs in speed skating

Relevance and purpose of the study. In the proposed article, an attempt was made to assess the influence of control actions and the level of their implementation in straight-line running in qualified skaters. The electromyography indicators of the leading muscle groups that determine the result in the speed skating sprint were used as criteria for evaluating the control actions. Research methods. The implementation components were determined by integrative indicators, namely, the tempo-rhythm parameters of running in a straight line of qualified skaters. The initial level of special strength training of the muscles responsible for the abduction and reduction of the hip and extension of the knee joint was determined in local exercises on simulators. The proposed method for evaluating these parameters is based on the use of accelerometer sensors that register the acceleration of the simulator stack under different types of external weights. The proposed method allows us to evaluate the initial levels of special strength training and training shifts in micro-and macrocycles. The ratio of control actions and implementation components was determined by the duration of the surface EMG and the time of force manifestation, as well as by comparing the values of the maximum EMG amplitude and the maximum force. In the course of the study, the values of the bilateral asymmetry of the control actions were determined by the EMG indicators and the implementation components by the parameters of the effort parameters in local exercises on simulators. The results of the research. The results obtained in the study allowed us to develop a method for reducing the power asymmetry of the main muscle groups that determine the result in the speed skating sprint, and significantly increase the speed of running in a straight line. Increasing the speed of running in a straight line is one of the main components of improving the result in sprint skating.