Socio-philosophical understanding of the problems of ethnicity and ethnic identity in the Russian science of the ХХ century

This article delves into the nuanced discourse surrounding ethnicity and ethnic identity in the Russian science of the XX century. It critically examines the works of prominent scholars such as S.M. Shirokogorov, shedding light on the multifaceted nature of ethnicity and its implications for cultural diversity. The study also scrutinizes the methodological approaches of Soviet-era researchers, particularly their tendency to conflate ethnicity with nationality. Furthermore, it offers a comparative analysis of ethnological theories put forth by notable figures including M.I. Artamonov, Yu.V. Bromley, L.N. Gumilev, and S.M. Shirokogorov. By delineating the distinctions between ethnicity and nationality, the research underscores the significance of factors such as haplogroups, genetic studies, language, and mythological narratives in elucidating the unique cultural identities of various ethnic groups. In conclusion, by exploring diverse perspectives and methodologies, the research enriches our comprehension of the complexities surrounding ethnic identity in Russian scientific thought. Moreover, it emphasizes the role of interdisciplinary approaches in elucidating the intricate interplay between genetics, culture, and historical narratives in shaping ethnic identities. This nuanced understanding is crucial for fostering mutual respect and appreciation for cultural diversity in modern society.