The relationship between the traditional and new social and political risks during welfare state development and education system reforms in the Russian Federation

The study discusses the welfare state development in modern Russia. This process is determined by various risks. The traditional risks have appeared in the period of industrial society and are caused by either the resource constraints or the fundamental reluctance of the ruling groups to spend the resources on social projects. In the Russian Federation, this situation is complicated by the traditional role of the state which is ready to control all social and economic processes. It has led to change from the insurance model of the welfare state (social services and assurances are based on the insurance payments made by people) to the distribution model (the government distributes resources at its discretion depending on the current situation). Russian education system reforms are a typical example of current risks in the establishment of the welfare state. However, there are new risks arising from the social reality transformed by technological progress, which generates the digital inequality and power dispersion phenomena.