Modernity in the Mirror of Marxism: Towards the Possibility of an Actual Fundamental Social Discourse

The present research work delves into elucidating the possibilities of Marxist philosophical sociology in describing the sources, foundations, and prospects of modernity. The relationship of the present with the past and the future is examined through the lens of key concepts of Marxist social theory: the mode of production, forms of communication, alienation, and the naturalhistorical process. In this context, sociologism serves as the conceptual framework for the historical identification of phenomena and trends in the objective and natural development of society, clarifying the principles of the materialist understanding of history in terms of the logic of alienation. Consequently, the heuristic limitations of Marxist social science are asserted by the objective history. The Soviet project is understood as an internally contradictory attempt at subjectivity in relation to social and historical existence. The chronic course of the indigenous proletariat is considered as the systemforming content of modernity, which sets the space for a balanced and relevant social discourse.