Современные аспекты процедуры выравнивания трансфеморальных и транстибиальных протезов
Автор: Карденас А.М., Урибе Ю., Андрисек Я., Эрнандес А.М., Плата-контрерас Х.А.
Журнал: Российский журнал биомеханики @journal-biomech
Статья в выпуске: 4 (98) т.26, 2022 года.
Бесплатный доступ
Выравнивание протеза играет важную роль в реабилитации людей с потерей нижней конечности. Целью данной работы был систематический обзор исследований по выравниванию протезов и выделение основных результатов, а также соображений по внедрению процедур выравнивания. В процессе обзора проводился поиск научных статей в базах данных Scopus , PubMed и IEEE . Для определения распространенности процедур выравнивания протезов с технической и алгоритмической точек зрения использовалась методология PRISMA (Предпочтительные пункты отчетности для систематических обзоров и мета-анализов). Были рассмотрены следующие данные из статей: популяционные экспериментальные характеристики, результаты измерений и метрик, параметры процедуры выравнивания и влияние выравнивания протезов на результаты реабилитации. Качество работ оценивалось с помощью тринадцати заранее разработанных критериев. Большинство исследований в выборке были оценены как низкокачественные на основании нашей формальной оценки. Исследования показали, что изменения момента реакции приёмной гильзы, силы реакции на опору, давления на приёмную гильзу со стороны конечности, пространственно-временных данных и комфорта пациента, как правило, зависят от приёмной гильзы, углов наклона стопы и движения стопы. При проведении исследований по выравниванию особое внимание уделялось способу передвижения, использованию обуви, времени аккомодации и количеству испытаний. В литературе представлена ограниченная информация об особенностях и результатах процедур выравнивания. Доказательства не отличаются высоким качеством и относятся в основном к людям с транстибиальной ампутацией.
Процедура выравнивания протеза, эффективность ампутирования, параметры походки, компонент протеза
Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/146282611
IDR: 146282611 | УДК: 531/534: | DOI: 10.15593/RZhBiomeh/2022.4.05
State-of-the-art procedural considerations for the prosthetic alignment of transfemoral and transtibial prostheses
Prosthetic alignment plays an important role in the rehabilitation and outcomes of individuals with lower-limb loss. The goal of this work was to systematically review the state-of-the-science related to prosthetic alignment research and to identify the primary outcomes associated with prosthetic alignment as well as considerations for implementing alignment procedures. The review process was conducted papers searching in Scopus, PubMed, and IEEE databases. The PRISMA methodology was used to identify the prevalence of prosthetic alignment procedures from a technical and procedural point of view. Data extracted from papers included population attributes, outcome measures and metrics, alignment procedure characteristics, and the effects of prosthetic alignment on rehabilitation outcomes. The quality of the papers was assessed using thirteen predetermined criteria. Most studies in the sample were rated as low quality based on our formal assessment. The studies found that changes in socket reaction moment, ground reaction force, socket-stump interface pressure, spatiotemporal data, and patient comfort were typically affected by socket and foot angulations and translations. Considerations for alignment research focused on ambulation method, footwear use, accommodation time, and number of trials. The literature provides limited information about the considerations and outcomes of alignment procedures. The evidence is not of high quality and primarily relates to individuals with transtibial amputation.
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