Advanced methods of treatment based on RNA therapy

RNA therapy has great potential in the treatment of a wide range of diseases. It can be used to treat genetic diseases, cancer, infectious diseases and many other pathologies. In 2020 and 2021, mRNA-based vaccines have been developed globally for use against coronavirus disease (COVID- 19 pandemic). The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine against COVID-19 was the first approved mRNA vaccine, followed by Moderna COVID-19 and others. In the field of oncology, RNA therapeutics offer the possibility of a targeting approach, allowing specific genes involved in tumour development to be targeted. This may help to overcome the problems associated with traditional cancer therapies such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, which are often accompanied by serious side effects. The article analyses research and development in the field of using RNA for the treatment of various diseases, and presents the results of scientific and clinical studies of new drugs based on informational RNA (mRNA), antisense oligonucleotides, interfering RNA (RNAi) or RNA aptamers.