The comparison of the growth rate of the morphofunctional status and physical fitness in women of young and mature age at the initial stage of health-improving aerobics classes

Aim. To detect the particular features of dynamics of separate indexes of physical condition at the initial stage of health-improving aerobics classes in women of young (24-29 years) and mature (30-35 years) age. Material and methods. The study of indicators of physical condition was carried out by means of testing young women (10 pers.) and women of mature age (10 pers.). Morphofunctional state was studied using the measurement of anthropometric indicators (circumferences of waist, chest, hips, and shoulders), weight-height Quetelet index, measure of the sample Rufe-Dixon line, reflecting the physical performance of the tested subjects. Physical fitness was assessed using a test of “Bending and straightening the arms in front support position”, which reflects the performance of the force, “Lifting the torso from a lying position on back for 1 min”, which indicates the level of power endurance, “Bending forward from a standing position with straight legs on the gymnastic bench”, reflecting the flexibility. Results. We conducted the comparative analysis of the four sections of the test indexes of the morphofunctional status and phy-sical fitness among two age groups of women of young and mature age in the process of systematic classes of health-improving aerobics. We identified and analyzed the dynamics of changes of indicators of strength, flexibility, circumferences of waist, hips, chest, shoulder, weight-height Quetelet index, speed of recovery after a dosed load (Rufe-Dixon test) in the period of the first four months of regular health-improving classes. So, in terms of anthropometric indicators of women of 30 to 35 years there was marked higher growth in comparison with the young women. According to hip circumference, it was 2.5 % (young women - 1.6 %) and shoulder - 4.6 % (young - 4.4 %). And in women of 24 to 29 years old the increase was higher in comparison with mature women. According to the circumference of the chest, it was 2.8 % (mature - 2.1 %) and waist - 2.9 % (in mature - 2.7 %). Indicators of growth rate of Quetelet and Rufe-Dixon indices were higher in women of 30 to 35 years - 5 % and 7.6 %, respectively (young women - 1.9 % and 4.9 %, respectively). According to the testing of physical fitness in women of 30 to 35 years, the rate of strength endurance and flexibility has a greater percentage (21.4-28.6 %), compared to women of 24 to 29 years (13.8 % to 22.2 %), and in terms of force it is contrary (37.5 % and 33.3 % respectively in women of young and mature age). Conclusion. The results of the analysis of the dynamics of the studied parameters allow us to reveal the specificity of efficiency of health-improving aerobics for women of 24-29 and 30-35 years old, which has different growth rates of individual indicators. The comparison of trends in indicators for the four months of training showed uneven changes in selected indicators of periods of “stagnation”, which were more common in women of mature age.