The comparative analysis of operation characteristics of sowing complexes in the conditions of Western Siberia

The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the operating parameters of seeding complexes on the basis of test reports at the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Siberian State Zonal Machine Testing Stationˮ. The transition to resource-saving technologies of soil cultivation and sowing is one of the main elements ensuring high productivity, reducing self-esteem and increasing the yield of agricultural crops. Carrying out field work in optimal time on significant areas requires the introduction of wide-cutting high-productivity tillage and seeding machines. The yield of cultivated crops depends on the technology of cultivation, the properties of the soil and the complex of agricultural machinery used. Consequently, the shortage of crops and the increase in labor costs per unit of production will be significantly affected by the imperfection of technology and the agricultural machines used or their absence. Actual costs directly depend on the laboriousness of the process of technological adjustment and maintenance of the units. Thus, the choice of machines requiring minimum labor input for preparation for work, technological and maintenance is an actual task. In the course of the research, the indices of the labor intensity of the annual maintenance and the preparation for the operation of sowing complexes were analyzed. It is established that the lowest index of the labor intensity of preparing the machine for work is observed in Agrator 5400 M, the largest in Kuzbass 8.5. In terms of meter width, the smallest indicator is observed in Salford 4050, the largest in Kuzbass 8.5. When analyzing the laboriousness of the maintenance, it is established that the smallest indicator is observed in the Salford 4050, the largest in John Deere 1830. In terms of a meter of working width, the smallest indicator is observed in Salford 4050, the largest in the Agrator 4800M. Among the sowing complexes under consideration, the most productive ones, depending on the type of coulter, are: Bourgault 8810-35 with a paw coulter - 11.31 ha/hour, Bourgault 3310-48 with an anchor coulter - 16.19 ha/hour, Bourgault 5725-40 with a disc Coulter - 15.01 ha/hour, the use of which will allow switching to resource-saving technology.