Formation of the museum as a socio-cultural institute in the European culture of the modern age

The article is devoted to the conceptual issue of historical museology the formation of a museum as a sociocultural institution. The article attempts to substantiate the fact that museums of the modern type as a formative idea of culture emerge in the nal period of the Modern Age, coinciding with the intensive formation of nations, national identity, and nation states in European culture. Using broad historical material, the author shows that museum type institutions that existed in earlier eras (Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, medieval Europe, the Renaissance) due to their worldview, ideological characteristics and cultural speci cs were not sociocultural institutions, since they did not have socializing functions. Only from the end of the 18th century, when a new type of worldview emerged in European culture, in which the historical and cultural past acquired value, did museums of the modern type emerge national museums, which began to play an obvious role in the general processes of socialization. the actualization of cultural heritage as an axiological dimension of the historical past within the framework of museum institutions throughout the 19th century leads to the establishment of museology as a scienti c discipline, the formation of theoretical and scienti c methodological foundations of museum a airs. Since this period, museum practice has found itself in the cultural policies of various states, and museums themselves have acquired a high social status. Currently, the socializing function of museums as sociocultural institutions is the axiological objecti cation of cultural artifacts cultural heritage through its actualization (giving meaning, recognition of meaning), articulation (voicing) and manifestation (demonstration) in the public space of modern societies.