The degree of investigation оf the chemical composition of the genus Artemisia L. of the Buryatian flora

Genus Artemisia L. is one of the vast multispecies genera of the Asteraceae in the flora of Siberia. There are 46 species in Buryatia. In the arid and subarid zones of the Holarctic, wormwood is often the dominant of plant communities. The Artemisia of Buryatia is represented mainly by herbaceous perennials and semishrubs. Most species are mezoxerophytes, xerophytes and halophytes. The contribution of species with central-asian, far-eastern- central Asian, siberian-mongolian and manchurian-daurian subtypes of areals is practically equivalent. Wormwood is used in officinal medicine as an appetizer, in folk medicine as antibacterial, antihelminthic, anti-inflammatory in various diseases. This manuscript summarizes the data on the investigation of the chemical composition of Artemisia of the buryatian flora. Most of the work is devoted to the study of the composition of essential oils. To date, the composition of essential oils of 15 species of Artemisia of Buryatia has been investigated. The leading factor in the synthesis of the structural types of constituent of oils certain is the degree of moistening of the growing area (Artemisia vulgaris), altitude above the sea level (Artemisia frigida) can also exert influence. Essential oil of the endemic specie Artemisia subviscosa, most adapted to the semiarid conditions of Buryatia, characterized by a high content of sesquiterpene compounds.