“Twilight. To Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin, to his village Zvanka” of Anna Bunina: the reading version (article first)

Interest in A.P. Buninaʼs poem “Twilight. To Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin, to his village of Zvanka”, we will explain, first of all, by inattention or mainly by a critical attitude towards the text in comparison with other works of the first Russian poetess. Buninaʼs contemporaries were particularly opposed to Derzhavinʼs visionary image. The main problem of analyzing and interpreting a poem is to identify the teleology of the message hidden behind the recipientʼs praise, which lacks the etiquette formulas and specific (objective) purpose of the address characteristic of it as a speech genre with a dialogical setting. The results of the study of the poem are presented in three articles corresponding to the compositional trinity of the poem - the prologue, the main part and the epilogue. During the reading of the prologue, three subjective hypostases of A. Bunina (biographical author, lyrical heroine, character double), their functional roles (contemplative, volitional and reflexive), the purpose of natural and mythological images, as well as the leitmotif of the poem, designated by the word “dream” in two semantic variants - love and friendship, were identified. In general, the prologue presents a mental portrait of the author. In the process of structural and semantic analysis and interpretation of the content and poetics of the prologue, contextual (historical, literary, cultural) and comparative methods are used using the material of the works of Derzhavin and other poets, as well as other published versions of the “Twilight”.