Overtime employment as a social phenomenon: economic-sociological approaches

The key concept of the article is overtime labor employment, considered from the point of view of several theoretical and methodological approaches used for its research in the framework of economic sociology. Marxist, institutional, and axiological stand out among them. The article analyzes the advantages and limitations (disadvantages) of each. It is noted that the Marxist approach is aimed at establishing the reasons for the employer’s desire to increase his employee’s working hours, but the mechanism for its implementation is not disclosed. The institutional approach, on the contrary, focuses the researcher’s attention on the employer’s strategy to maximize the use of the company’s staff, while missing the goal of creating such a situation. The axiological theoretical and methodological approach to studying the phenomenon of overtime employment focuses on the values of the employer and his employees, their coincidence or discrepancy. The author comes to the conclusion that when studying specific social aspects of overtime employment, these approaches should be combined, ensuring their complementarity and leveling limitations. The research methods were scientific analysis, comparison and juxtaposition.