The peculiarity of Dostoevsky's chiliastic utopia

The article deals with uniqueness of Dostoevsky's utopian doctrine of the “Kingdom of God on Earth” in comparison with the chiliastic doctrines of other Russian philosophers - both Dostoevsky's contemporaries and thinkers of the “new religious consciousness” of the early twentieth century. The author shows that the peculiarity of Dostoevsky's chiliastic views is their predominantly moral content, the absence of both religious fatalism and historical determinism in them. The future “universal harmony” appears in Dostoevsky's works not as an inescapable futuristic forecast and not as a global social project, but as an ideal in the Kantian sense, that is, the limit of continuous human moral aspiration. The author comes to the conclusion that while V. Solovyov and the thinkers of the “new religious consciousness” considers the “Kingdom of God on earth” as a social and political program, the implementation of which involves dependence on social institutions and social movements, Dostoevsky considers it as a symbolically expressed moral ideal, necessary for any person's moral rebirth.