Theoretical methods to the study of adaptation pupils to the educational environment in critical periods of development

The author analysed scientific literature and made the conclusion in the article that now extensive-empirical way of development of the problem of the pupil's adaptation to educational environment exists in science. The accumulation of fragmental empirical facts and their description also take place. In connection with it the relevant problem of pedagogic psychology is the methodic concordance of these facts for substantiation of theoretical methods studying the pupil's adaptation to educational environment in different critical periods of development. The substantiation of the knowledge of the adaptation which was got by complex of sciences about the human being let to consider the adaptation to be the process of the interaction between the person and social environment. This process promotes the adoption of the social norms, values and the formation of the attitude to them, the adoption of the methods of activity and types of the interpersonal relations and the realization of the personal potential. In the article the author proves his choice of three methods: anthropological, systematic, subjective. And with their help the author investigates the adaptation of the pupils for the educational environment during the critical periods of development. These methods let the author to study the adaptation process with taking into account the two components of the child’s psychological development: the social situation of the development and the personal peculiarities. The author pointed the psychology factors, the conditions of the successful adaptation process and it’s inner personal determinants.