Theoretic analysis of the concept of charisma as a social-psychological phenomenon

The author pays attention to the specific intepretation of charisma given by E. Kretschmer and the description of proportions distinguished by him. The work shows that the image of a charismatic leader and his/her ideology must answer to a specific challenge of time and suggests the solutions for topical problems, i.e. fill in the charismatic niche, the boundaries of which are sometimes quite sharp. The article presents the idea of charismatic coverage, which can be microsocial and macrosocial. It singles out the two most important components of charisma: remoteness from subordinates and presence of something unusual, something that causes the emotional excitement of followers. The work lists the three variants of charisma singled out by M. Weber: charisma as protection from alien power through aggression; charisma as the symbolic solution of internal problems; charisma as the attribution of characteristics that help a leader satisfy his/her interests.