The importance of pedagogical technologies in the teaching of fine arts

When we look back and summarize our past, we gain a deeper understanding of the virtues of our independence. We are going through a period of complete renewal in education, a real transition to a new process and adaptation to it. While the Law on Education and the National Training Program has allowed us to abandon the old methods and restructure every aspect of education, “the development of school education in 2004-2009 is a national task.

The program revealed the possibilities: the implementation of improved state educational standards, curricula, state requirements, new textbooks in schools equipped in accordance with modern requirements, modern classrooms. Modern education is needed to ignite the fire in the heart of the student in the renewed education, to develop it in all respects and to lead it from knowledge to knowledge. At present, in the field of pedagogy, the terms pedagogical technology, educational technology, teaching technology are often used. To date, in the pedagogical literature, reports on educational problems, official documents, the concepts of "new pedagogical technology", "advanced pedagogical technology", "modern educational technology" have not yet been standardized, as explained in encyclopedias. q, a single interpretation of its content has not been developed and therefore there are many different definitions of the phrase.

Pedagogical technology is a field of knowledge through which in the third millennium the state policy in the field of education will be radically changed, the activity of teachers will be renewed, the system of sentiments, thirst for knowledge, love of country, Christian feelings in pupils and students formed. The main idea of education is the formation of personal qualities such as tolerance, contentment, respect for the opinions of others, national-cultural and universal values, abandoning the authoritarian and false way of thinking, recognizing the interdependence of nature and man. Is the humanity that holds?

The solution to these problems is to some extent related to the technologicalization of education. Let us first clarify the concept of “technology”. the word came into science in 1872 in connection with technical progress, and from two Greek words - "techno" - art, skill, craft, and "logos" (logos) - from the words science formed and means "craft science." however, even this expression does not fully describe the modern technological process.

The technological process involves the execution of a certain sequence of operations, always using the necessary tools and conditions. More precisely, the technological process is the process by which a worker (working machine) develops a product as a result of the gradual exposure of the objects of labor (raw materials) to the tools of labor.

If we turn this definition into a research topic, that is: pedagogical technology is the ability of a teacher (educator) to influence students under certain conditions with the help of educational tools. And as a product of this activity is the process of forming in them pre-defined personal qualities. It is clear from the above definition that the technological process was used as the basis for the interpretation of the concept of pedagogical technology. In fact, there are many definitions of this concept in the pedagogical literature. in the pedagogical literature one can find different forms of the term “technology”: “teaching technology”, “educational technology”, “information technology”, “learning process technology” and so on. Although teaching technology is a concept close to pedagogical technology, it does not mean exactly the same, because it expresses the way around a particular technology to master a specific learning material within a specific subject, topic, and questions. It stands alongside a more private methodology.

Pedagogical technology represents the tactics of introduction of information technology and is built on the knowledge of the laws of the functional system "teacher - pedagogical process student". It should be noted that at present there is no consensus on the logical and ideological interpretation of the concept of educational technology. More than 300 definitions are given in the pedagogical literature.

As noted above, although the theory of pedagogical technology has been based since the second half of the last century, there are different approaches to the concept of “pedagogical technology”. In particular, pedagogical scientist VP Bespalko describes pedagogical technology as "a project of a specific pedagogical system that can be applied in practice" and focuses on the preliminary design of the educational process.

N.F. Talzina notes that pedagogical technology should be "an independent science aimed at solving problems such as the development of methods that promote certain principles between science and practice, their consistent application," and so on. One of the most rapidly developing areas in the field of education today is the use of modern pedagogical technologies.

It is known that the educational process is the transfer of knowledge and experience from the older generation to the younger generation, which is mainly the transmission of information necessary for human life from generation to generation. There are many different definitions of pedagogical technology, and each definition represents an approach from a particular perspective. Let's look at some basic definitions and their comments.

Pedagogical technology-activity of formation of the harmoniously developed person. Technology is a set of methods, ways used in a work, skill, art (Explanatory dictionary). Technology is the art of processing, transforming, skill, ability, a set of methods (V.M.Shepel). Pedagogical technology is a set of psychological procedures (installations) that determine the forms, methods, techniques, ways of teaching, a special set and arrangement (location) of educational tools: it consists of organizational and methodological means of the pedagogical process ( BTLixachev).

Pedagogical technology is a project of the process of formation of the student's personality, which can guarantee pedagogical success independently of the teacher's skills (V.B. Bespalko). Details of the process of achieving the planned results of pedagogical technology education (IP Volkov). Pedagogical technology is a model of joint pedagogical activity in which all the details of the design, organization and conduct of the educational process to ensure unconditional favorable conditions for students and teachers (VM Monakhov).

A systematic method of creating, applying and identifying all processes of teaching and learning, which aims to optimize forms of education, taking into account the pedagogical and technological resources, people and their interactions (UNESCO). Pedagogical technology is a unique (innovative) approach to teaching. It is an expression of socio-engineering thinking in pedagogy, a reflection of techno-scientific consciousness transferred to the field of pedagogy, a certain standardization of the educational process (B.L. Farberman). Teacher training The process of influencing students in certain conditions and sequences with the help of tools and the formation of pre-defined qualities in them as a product of this activity (N. Saidakhmedov). The diversity of some of the above definitions shows that the concept of pedagogical technology is multifaceted and can be approached from pedagogical, psychological, didactic, organizational, economic, social, environmental and other perspectives. Pedagogical technology is the process of learning to create new information by mastering information, using it in practice, discovering new meanings in it and the various connections between information. Pedagogical technology is a set of teaching methods, techniques, ways and educational tools: it is a set of organizational and methodological tools of the pedagogical process.

Pedagogical technology is the process of transmitting and assimilating information in a way that is convenient for learning. Hence, pedagogical technology is the activity of influencing a person (learner) according to a predetermined goal. Pedagogical technology is a process that guarantees students to learn to read learn and think independently.

The history of pedagogy shows that the search for more sophisticated methods and techniques of teaching and training has been ongoing. Teaching is a productive activity for the development of society, like any other activity, although it is not immediately apparent at the end of the educator's career. Economic periods in the history of society do not differ only in terms of what is produced, by whom, how much is produced, by what means of labor is produced. In this context, we consider the "periods of pedagogical development" that exist in social history. I. Individual pedagogue, the period of pedagogical activity of the manual teacher (from ancient times to the XVII century);

• II.    The Book Book Period (from the seventeenth century to the present);

• III.    The period of audiovisual means (50s of the XX century);

• IV.    The era of simple means of automating learning management (70s of the XX century);

• V.    The era of adaptive tools in the automation of the management of education on the basis of modern computers (computer training in the late twentieth century).

The term “pedagogical technology” was first mentioned in pedagogy in the 1920s. At the same time, another term, "pedagogical technique," was coined. It is described in the pedagogical encyclopedia as a method and tool for the precise and effective organization of teaching in the 30s. In the United Kingdom in 1967 - the National Council for Pedagogical Technology, in 1964 - the journal "Pedagogical Technology and Teaching Programming", in 1971 - the journal "Pedagogical Technology". in Japan - 4 scientific organizations deal with the problems of pedagogical technologies. In 1967, the National Council for Pedagogical Technologies was established, with branches at 22 state universities. Since 1965, the journal "Pedagogical Technology" is published quarterly in Japanese and twice a year in English "Research in the field of pedagogical technology." recently established the All-Japan Central Council for Pedagogical Technologies, which also deals with international relations on issues. In Italy - in 1971 the National Center for Pedagogical Technologies was established and the journal "Pedagogical Technologies" was published.

Conclusion. In the process of pedagogical technology, under the guidance of the teacher, the student learns, learns and masters independently. The implementation of this activity involves the processes of organizing, conducting, improving, analyzing, researching, comparing, summarizing, drawing conclusions, managing, monitoring, and evaluating it.