The Philosophy of Reshaping the New World Order According to Samuel Huntington

World politics stands on the threshold of a new era characterised by significant intellectual, cultural, and political trans-formations. Intellectuals have put forward many perspectives regarding the nature of the new world order. Samuel Huntington, an American philosopher (1927–2008), argues that the primary source of conflict in this new world will no longer be ideological or primarily economic. Instead, the major divisions among humanity will be cultural and civilisational. He posits that conflict has become civilisational, meaning that clashes of civilisations will dominate global politics, and differences between civilisations will be fundamental rather than superficial. Therefore, according to Hun-tington, this new phase in human history will not be based on peace, coexistence, or dialogue but instead on confronta-tion and separation. The underlying and unchanging driving force is cultural and civilisational identities. Differences in religion, language, history, ethnicity, customs, and traditions will become the key criteria for human classification. Cul-tural entities that encompass groups sharing the same identity will take precedence. Consequently, every state must define its position in the new global political order based on its civilisational and cultural affiliation.