The role of training materials in formulation of the national character in teenagers

1.ENTRANCE

The individual who enters adolescence as a child is expected to emerge from this period as an adolescent. Previously always considered a child, he/she will now be considered an adult. It also shows that the transition will be very controversial and that it is the responsibility of parents to understand and support the efforts of adolescents and to help them get through this period with the least damage. In this age of adolescents, self-awareness, moral consciousness, self-esteem, selfawareness and a sense of old age, as well as character traits are formed. Among these character traits, we should especially mention the national character. When we say national character, we also understand the general psychological quality, independent of an individual, the mental characteristic that is embodied to one degree or another in the behavior and attitude of each member of the ethnos, in the system of relations. When we talk about the psychology of a certain identity, about its inner spiritual personality, we mean all the aspects, all the tones that characterize this psychology, the inner world, and determine its nature. The concept of "national character" is like this. This understanding includes the individuality and characteristic of the nation, as well as the ethnic collective. Here, all the typical aspects of the people are envisaged.

When we say national character, it is not correct to understand only the different signs, that is, the aspects that belong to a nation and distinguish it from other nations. Because nationality is not at all a collection of qualities that distinguish a nation from other nations. The right view that the majority of researchers have reached today is this. Indeed, if national characteristics, national character were only qualities that are not encountered in other nations, then communication and mutual relations between nations would not have been possible. Nations are, in fact, a large social collective. Humanity and worldliness are strong in the character and thoughts of some people, as well as all national collectives. We are talking about the individual, national psychology of identity. However, this does not mean that there are separate psychological characteristics in the character of a person. You cannot meet such a person in life. The genetic memory of people contributes to the emergence of the signs of their national character in any environment. However, some changes in the national character occur if the genetic memory does not have the necessary conditions for a long time. National character is one of the main factors determining the existence of a nation. When adolescents grow up in this spirit, they become the necessary identity for society as real citizens. The character of every nation, like its language and territorial integrity, is the fundamental factor that keeps it alive.

The national character is formed in the family, in the social environment, and acquires new and new characteristics related to the period and encouragement. Generations serially repeat their great fathers, and in every way resemble their fathers, whom they carry in their blood. As if some invisible force forces people of the same nation to behave in accordance with the national character. Although several nations live in the same country under the same conditions, their characters are very different from each other. For many years, especially in recent times, despite the prohibitions imposed by the USSR on the traditions of the Azerbaijani people, the promotion and study of their national-ethnic characteristics, this nation has preserved its culture, traditions, religious beliefs, national identity, national dignity and national character.

One of the main concerns of today's society is the education of adolescents who are in crisis periods as a comprehensive personality. If we talk about comprehensive education, we cannot not talk about the education of national character.

The role of the character traits of school teachers in the formation of the national character of adolescents is great. In particular, primary school students perceive the teacher as a great personality and consider every action, movement, word of his as correct, do not even believe their parents and meticulously carry out what the teacher says, in a way imitating him. Taking this into account, the teacher should consider every action and word and remember that he demonstrates them by his example. Interest in the moral qualities of people, their norms of attitude and behavior, their mutual relations with each other causes the formation of moral ideals in adolescents.

Teachers should pay special attention to this aspect. The formation of moral ideals in adolescents is of particular importance in terms of self-esteem and the formation of national character in them.

The school also plays a big role in the formation of the character of adolescents. Here, the interaction of adolescents with teachers, psychologists, and classmates plays an important role in the formation of their personality. The school is the guarantee of the healthy future of the people in every sense. It fulfills the difficult task it has undertaken for a long time - the mission of educating and raising people. As it is known, children who come to school are raised in various conditions in the family, kindergarten and orphanage. We cannot ignore the fact that some of them have these or other negative qualities. The school should strengthen the positive character traits that have begun to take root in its upbringing, and eliminate the negative ones. This clearly shows the importance of the very serious and complex task that falls on the school in educating and re-educating character traits.

The purpose of national character education in schools is not only to give students knowledge, skills and habits, but also to raise future citizens as effective, solid, disciplined, well-formed, self-confident personalities. Therefore, schools are also important in educating students with a character worthy of our national characteristics.

Educational materials on national character have a special role in the formation of the personality of adolescents, in preparing them as useful citizens for society. In the process of education, as a result of learning the basics of science, the mind and thinking of the student develop, and in connection with this, a number of new content interests are formed, which also play an important role in the activity.

The interests of adolescents are proportionally strong. This interest becomes more vital. The adolescent does this or that job that interests him and tries to show determination here. Such broadening and deepening of the field of interest leads to setting distant and complex goals and showing more complex activities to achieve them. This affects the strengthening of character and will.

Education - upbringing is a determining factor in the formation of beliefs based on a scientific point of view. The point of view, belief, in turn, plays the role of a driving force in the formation of character. Education - upbringing has a strong influence on the development and development of the adolescent's personal-psychological characteristics, interests in the right direction, the formation of his talents and abilities, the development and strengthening of his temperament, character traits. Thanks to a properly organized educational process, a number of positive character traits such as attentiveness, observation, consistency, judgment, quickwittedness, initiative, independence, entrepreneurship, discipline, persistence are developed and strengthened in students. These positive traits, in turn, have a strong influence on the subsequent development of a person.

Formation of independent work skills and habits in adolescents also plays an important role in developing character traits. The ability to work independently and possess the necessary skills and apply their knowledge helps the student develop such qualities as initiative, attention, selfconfidence, and the ability to plan work.

The conscious and rapid work of the student in mastering the various sciences taught at school has a strong effect on the formation of a modern point of view in him, as well as on the development of the characteristics that characterize mental development and other important aspects. In the teaching of each science, there is an opportunity to cultivate in the student this or that positive character trait. The extent to which these opportunities are used, of course, depends on the skill and effort of the teacher. The teacher presents positive examples to the students in the classroom and creates a feeling of sympathy in them for people who have these characteristics. At the same time, especially in literature lessons, he shows the students in concrete figures with such negative characteristics as cowardice, avoiding trouble, lying, hypocrisy, flattery, treachery and others, and creates a feeling of hatred in them for these characteristics.

The teacher, when appropriate, takes into account other psychological characteristics of the students, explains what signs of character an Azerbaijani citizen should have. He should explain to the students that it is very little to just know the meaning and significance of this or that positive sign of character. The main thing is to master this character, to make serious efforts for it.

The formation of national character traits in adolescents depends primarily on the content of the educational material adopted by them. Therefore, the educational materials taught should include national characteristics, and educational materials that develop national character should meet the requirements set for education with their own content and quality.

In mathematics classes, it is necessary and possible to cultivate in students deep and logical thinking, clarity of judgment, honesty in activity, consistency, discipline, order, persistence, determination to overcome difficulties, finishing the work started and other such character traits. Every mathematics teacher should know this obvious fact that mathematics contributes to the development and progress of sciences as well as serving the development of people. For this reason, it is necessary to open conversations with scientists, talented and hardworking people of humanity in mathematics classes in terms of program materials. It is necessary to tell children that mathematics has developed thanks to the efforts and labor of hundreds of scientists who have devoted their scientific lives to science. Introducing them to the lives and scientific activities of mathematical scholars is of great importance in their spiritual education. For example, while learning number theory, providing detailed information about the lives, activities and working characteristics of mathematicians such as Pythagoras, Diophantus, Eratosphenes, Ferma, Eyler, Kauss, and P. L. Chebyshev not only expands the students' level of knowledge, but also allows them to fall under the "flood of influence" of the spiritual characteristics specific to these mathematical scholars (8).

While introducing students to the lives and scientific activities of great scholars in physics, chemistry and biology classes, it would be good to emphasize how important their strong will and strong character are in achieving the stated goal.

In geography lessons, examples of courage and heroism shown by travelers should be conveyed to students in a vivid and figurative language. Geography science is of great importance in creating a broad perspective in students. Geography science spent at school has greater opportunities to have full and useful knowledge about nature and society, to return to national roots, to base teaching on national characteristics. In this sense, broad methodological possibilities are related to learning toponyms. In order to explain many of the geographical toponyms, it is recommended that the teacher resort to legends and stories in the lesson. Another area is related to the explanation of physical-geographical objects and events, processes, and the formation of geographical understanding and imagination. Legends, religious stories, puzzles and trivia touch on certain geographical topics, and cause and effect relationships are explained in them. As a result of the teacher's skillful use of these materials, it can lead to higher quality and more solid adoption of educational materials, instilling national characteristics in adolescents, and developing them in the national spirit.