The study of evaporation from the water surface from solar activity in the Amudarya river basin and forecasting the consumption of the Amudarya river

Автор: Khanimkulov B.R., Gaipov M.Y.

Журнал: Экономика и социум @ekonomika-socium

Рубрика: Современные науки и образование

Статья в выпуске: 11-2 (90), 2021 года.

Бесплатный доступ

Natural processes, certain impact, the aral sea

Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/140262347

IDR: 140262347

Текст статьи The study of evaporation from the water surface from solar activity in the Amudarya river basin and forecasting the consumption of the Amudarya river

Evaporation from the water surface is the most difficultly considered component of the water balance of the surface runoff of any river basin and is essentially the only expenditure balance sheet. This provision relates to such large closed water bodies of Central Asia, like Issyk-Kul, Karakul, Chatyr-Cal, Arnasai, Sarykamysh Lake and Dengizkul and a number of others as a result of which the accuracy of the preparation of their water balance is largely determined by the accuracy of calculating evaporation from the water surface. For example, the constituent water balance of the Aral Sea.

Table 1 Component Water Balance of the Aral Sea

Year	Coming, km³			Consumption km³	volume, km³	Level, M.BS	Area thousand, km²	% Reduced volume
Year			amount	Consumption km³	volume, km³	Level, M.BS	Area thousand, km²	% Reduced volume
I960	62,9	8,7	71,6	63,8	1094,4	53,4	68,4	-
1970	44,6	8,7	53,3	60,0	944,0	51,4	59,0	13,7
1982	33,7	7,9	41,6	37,1	784,0	44,5	49,0	28,3
1984	7,9	3,0	11,0	48,9	736,0	42,7	46,0	32,7
1987	9,8	6,7	16,5	47,8	640,0	40,2	40,0	41,5
1990		5,9	8,2	43,5	570,0	36,5	34,0	47,9
TOTAL decrease in 1990 in %		32,1	88,5	31,8	47,9	31,6	50,2

From Table 1, it can be seen that the only expenditure balance sheet is the volume of evaporation. Evaporation calculation is performed on the basis of actual observation series and all recommended calculation formulas are found empirical means, i.e. methods of mathematical processing of perennial rows of measurement.

Recommended in guidelines for the calculation of the evaporation of formula: from the water surface: from the surface of the soil and groundwater levels are designed in Saniiri and execution.

Е = 0,14n (e0 – e200)(1+ 0,72W200)(1)

Е = 0,14n (e 0 – e 200 )(K 0 + 0,72W 200 )

Е = 0,16n (e0 – e200)(1+ 0,635W200)(2)

Е = 0,19n (e0 – e200)(1+ 0,51W200)(3)

Е = (0,22H– 0,128)n(1+ 0,51W200)(4)

where n is the number of days in the month; E0 is the maximum elasticity of water vapor, calculated by water temperature; E200- absolute air humidity at an altitude of 200 cm; N - high-rise position above sea level; K0- coefficient depending on the difference in water and air temperature; W-wind speed. As we see, in the calculated formulas there is a temperature and a high-rise position of the evaporating surface of the water mirror. Since the temperature or thermal regime of a given area mainly depends on the incoming energy on this surface, it becomes clear that all the above listed factors affecting the evaporation of water, depending only on the state of solar activity. We studied the effect of solar activity on climate-forming factors:

- Absolutely minimal temperature for July for a number of years M / art. Tashkent
- on the effect of absolute humidity of air (ribric pressure) m / art. Tashkent for his years.

R w p = 0,83; P = 5,91909+0,08384W±0,518 (5)

where R is the coefficient, p - rift pressure; W number Wolf.

Studies show that evaporation from the water surface from the energy activity of the Sun is described by N-shaped functional dependence. For example, evaporation from the surface of the sushi basin of the Amudarya River. However, we are convincingly proved above, there are highly zonal climatic belts, i.e. Each river system and pools: p. Pyanj, r. Vakhsh, r. Kafirnigan, r. Surkhandarya, r. Cascadary, r. Zarafshan have geoclimatic provinciality.

At the same time, thermal regime in the area of formation of water resources of the Amudarya River with an increase in the altitude mark decreases a linear functional dependence, formula (6)

Table 2 Average Perennial Meaning of Climatic Indicators of River

Systems Pan. Amudarya.

№	WEATHER STATION	Height, km	Temperatura 0 С	Precipita-tion, mm	Evaporation, mm
Pool river Pyanj
1	Karakul	3,93	-3,8	70	-
2	Xaburabad	3,95	-1,2	-	-
3	Kalay-Xumb	1,28	13,5	480	512
4	Roxarv	1,80	9,9	-	422
5	Xovaling	1,44	10,8	875	510
6	Xumrali	1,74	12,1	-	327
7	Sanglok	2,24	7,1	686	336
8	Kangurt	0,88	14,3	710	602
9	Irxt	3,30	1,0	128	-
10	Murgab	3,50	-1,0	-	-
11	Lyaur	0,73	15,3	425	523
12	Kulyab	0,60	16,4	551	627
13	Iol	1,28	13,6	560	496
14	Parxar	0,45	15,7	286	723

№	WEATHER STATION	Height, km	Temperatura ⁰С	Precipita-tion, mm	Evaporation, mm
15	Xorog	2,08	3,7	235	317
16	Djaushangoz	3,41	-2,0	137	-
17	Pyandj	0,38	336,0	232	668
Pool of the Vakhsh River
18	Saritash	3,10	-3, 2	338	-
19	Darautkurgan	2,22	2, 4	276	-
20	Altinmazar	2,78	3,3	141	-
21	Garm	1,32	10,7	720	-
22	Sangvor	2,19	6,5	709	363
23	Tavidare	1,62	8,7	-	396
24	Gandjina	0,75	14,9	715	544
25	Kurgantube	0,43	15,7	268	740
Pool River Kafiringang
26	Gushari	1,36	11,2	-	445
27	Dushanbe GMS	0,80	14,2	610	664
28	Fayzabad	1,22	12,8	865	496
29	Shaartuz	0,38	16,4	-	684
30	Ayvaj	0,32	17,2	-	577
Swimming pool of the River Surkhandarya
31	Denov	0,52	15,7	343	664
32	Boysun	1,25	12,8	459	484
33	Shaxrinau	0,85	14,9	601	582
Pool of the river Kashkarya
34	Mingchukur	2,12	7,8	645	302
35	Kuzar	0,52	16,2	300	502
36	Dehqonobod	0,84	14,5	-	508
37	Akrabat	1,60	11,1	430	420
Average		1,2903	11,9212	472,9503	515,3103

Table 3 Correlation coefficient and regression equation between climatic values from the height of the river estimation of the Amudarya River basin

Name of interconnection	Correlation coefficient	Parameters of the regression equation
Name of interconnection	Correlation coefficient	А	В	h	y
between height and temperature	-0, 9624	18,9919	-5,4798	1,2903	11,9212
between height and precipitation	-0,3489	598,7245	-84,8815	1,4816	472,9583
between height and evaporation	-0,9068	730,6801	-189,3217	1,137	515,3103

The equation of linear functional dependence has the form:

By temperature:

t - 18,9919-5,4798 h , °С; (6)

Е=730,6801-189,3217 t, мм (7)

where T is the temperature ° C;

E- evaporation at the height of the meteorological station, mm;

H is the height of the meteorological station, km above sea level.

18,9919 and -5,4798 permanent parameters of the equation;

0,9624 - correlation coefficient, showing the height temperature decreases.

Список литературы The study of evaporation from the water surface from solar activity in the Amudarya river basin and forecasting the consumption of the Amudarya river

Chub V.Eaagaltseva., N.A., Soft S.V. (Sanigmi), "Methods of prediction of the regime of natural waters", "Environmental sustainability and advanced approaches to water resources management in the Aral Sea basin" Collection of Articles of the Central Asian International Scientific and Practical Conference, May 5-8, Almaty 2003, p.274 -281.
A ZH SEITOV, BR Khanimkulov. Mathematical Models And Criteria for Water Distribution Quality in Large Main Irrigation Canals. Academic Research in Educational Sciences. Uzbekistan. ARES.UZ. Vol. 1. №2, 2020. ISSN 2181-1385. Pp.405-415. (№5, Web of Science IF = 5.723)
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А. Ж. Сейтов А. Р. Кутлимурадов Р. Н. Тураев Э. М. Махкамов Б. Р. Хонимкулов. Оптимальные управления водных ресурсов крупных магистральных каналов с каскадом насосных станций ирригационных систем. academic research in educational sciences volume 2 | ISSUE 2 | 2021 ISSN: 2181- 1385 Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF) 2021: (№5, web of science IF=5.723)

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