Threats of terrorism in the Russian Arctic

The topic of terrorism is current for Russia as a whole, and for its regions, including Arctic and Northern territories. Geography of terrorism expansion is not restricted to particularly southern regions of the country. Terrorism has social roots there, where appear problems in socioeconomic development of territories, in national politics of state, activities of governmental bodies and regulatory bodies of the RF territorial entities, local government, in work of law machinery. The idea of this article includes that when disclosing questions on subject matter of terrorism, its social fundamental principle and legal evaluation, specifics of regional displays, — to show possible threats of such activity in the Russian Federation Arctic zone. One of the first attempts is done to show terrorism as the instrument for restriction of geoeconomic and geopolitical sovereignty of Russia in Arctic in modern conditions. Naturally this topic is not completed with one article and demands continuation of researches on noted problematics.

On subject matter, social fundamental principle and modern specifics of terrorism

Analysis of outlook on subject matter of terrorism let us educe its main characteristics: special ideology, violence (threat of violence), the very picture of fear by unlimited range of persons and (or) presence of intention to influence decisions of governmental bodies. We would like to pay attention to the last characteristic. From the point of view of most of international legislative instruments and federal legislation, terrorism, terrorist activity and act of terrorism are aimed at influence on decision making of government authorities, local authorities or international organizations. In such a way, according to p. 1 p. 1 article. 3 of Federal law №53-FZ from 06.03.2006

«On counter-terrorism», terrorism — is ideology of violence and practice of influence on decision making of government authorities, local authorities or international organizations, connected with horrification of population and (or) other forms of illegitimate coercive actions1.

Alike intension — destabilization of activities of government authorities or international organizations or influence on their decision makings — is pointed in p. 1 article 205 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation («act of terrorism») 2. By that, lack of such an intension by guilty as if strikes out such an activity from the category, which meet the criteria of terrorism. Practice shows, that this instance is arguable. From one side, horrible acts of terrorism are considered to be well-known developments: bursting of houses in Moscow and Volgodonsk (1999), tragedy in theatrics center in Dubrovka (2002), acts of gunmen in Ingushetia and Grozny, acts of terrorism in Moscow metro and in airdrome «Tushino», air disasters of two planes, tragedy in North Ossetia city of Beslan on the first of September 2000, «Nevsky express» bomb attack (2007), burstings in Volgograd (2013) and others.

But, together with doubtless acts of terrorism, judicial-investigative practice also refers to terrorism some facts, which from the formal point of view are not so correct to refer to. For example, bursting of the house no. 120 in Sovetskih Kosmonavtov avenue in Arkhangelsk3. Tens of persons in charge throughout the days and nights in those days thought — what crime to allege to the guilty person — act of terrorism, vandalism or just slaughter according to current point of the article 105. Actions of the fitter were determined in three articles of the RF CC: «terrorism», «murder of two or more persons, made by general dangerous way» and «intended destruction or damage of property by means of bursting». The court fully agreed with exaction of State prosecution and adjudged such a punishment, which it inquired, though impute guilts still stayed disputable among lawyers. By the way, the juries have struck out from the verdict the words about terrorist character of acts. Doubtful still is considered to be the fact of presence of terrorism characteristics in acts of two drunken men, who committed harm to train tracks near Arkhangelsk with the aim of train accident. There are and other facts [1, p. 32].

Lower fundamentals of native being nowadays create backgrounds for conducting acts of terrorism. At that, beyond of main hotbed of tension (North Caucasus and adjacent territory), acts of terrorism are possible not only from the true terrorists, but from for example accomplices of gunmen, dissatisfied people, excluded people, those at a loose end, outcasts, extremists and criminals. From the other hand, this «low» terrorism by its effects is even now can be compared with the true one.

Here we must set definitions. « True » terrorism in Russia largely supported by foreign «friends» and Central Asia «emirs». Training of mujahidins in camps (Middle Asian, Pakistani, Tadjik, Afghan, Arabian and in number of Russian regions) forms a person to the level of «mature gunman». He, trained to disguise and skulk, adapts fast to the living environment of potential area of activity. Firstly, to the specific of North Caucasus. Its foothills and mountains are difficult to approach and they cause reasonable difficulties without acts of special purpose troops (district itself and presence of disloyal to federal troops settlements). These regions are considered to be the most strained focus of instability. Caucasus itself and adjacent territory in geopolitical context is for a long time used by different forces and as a foothold to regions of hydrocarbon deposits, as well as strategic platform for creation of the so-called islamic Turkestan, and as place of attraction for other purposes. Interest of the West became even more intensive during «Cold war»: in 1970s Britain secret-service agent Bernard Lewis suggested the USA Presidential Administration of Carter plan of destabilization of the USSR by means of induction of islamic discontentment in Caucasus and Middle Asia [2, p. 61]. As we see, this plan is successfully realizing by our «kind colleagues».

Modern zones of geopolitical interests, as it is known, are considered to be through-passages, including crude oil and gas pipe lines, passing through the Caspian Sea and North Caucasus regions («the Blue Stream», «South Stream») as well as crude oil line — Baku—Tbilisi— Ceyhan. Evidence of «interest attraction» is considered to be geographic areas, which became synonyms to aches and pains for many peoples. These are Afghanistan, Chechnya, Nagorny Kara-bakh, Adzharia, Abkhazia and South Ossetia (August, 2008). Nowadays it is Daghestan and Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkaria where acts of terrorism took and take place on an annoyingly regular basis. Social circumstances of solution by force of problems of terrorism looked forward to it won't be long: it appeared migration of its carriers in other regions of the RF.

Statistics of terrorism is an important evidence of incompleteness of struggle with it. 2005 there was 251 acts of terrorism (including in Chechnya — 111, in Dagestan — 77, in Ingushetia — 36). Then the number of registered acts of terrorism became lower. But by that number of crimes of a terrorist nature since 2008 till 2010 was at the same level, in 2011 reduced in practically 2 times, but then in 2012 again increased up to 260 [3]. According to announcement of Chief of the RF Investigation Committee A. Bastrykin during 2013 it was registered 661 crime «of a terrorist nature, including 31 acts of terrorism» 4. Numbers are indicative of some kind of reduction of number of acts of terrorism, but it is pointed, that terrorists are reaching after push to more remote from Caucasus regions of Russia. They change their tactics of searching for carriers and performers of terrorist ideas, tactics of training of their followers, and more often change from attacks against power structures to less protected areas. Interest of terrorists to national islamic regions of Russia has greatly risen. Here they try to destabilize socio-economic situation and to exasperate religious enmity5.

Directions and concrete objects (victims) or terror are being changed. Interest of bandits are more often becoming large industrial enterprises of the centre of the RF, transportation facilities, fuel and energy industry, public areas and facilities of worker of law enforcement agencies. National antiterrorist committee pointed out, that just 2010-2011 it was educed and prevented more than 30 subversive terrorist acts in the areas of industry and transport. We must pay special attention to these indicators, because urgency of the topic is deterministic not only to the growth of number of acts of terrorism, but also to facts of prevention of terrorist threats [4].

Together with objects of power, transport, law enforcement agencies and intelligence agencies rather new vectors of terrorism are becoming vulnerable or incapable to protect facilities of the social infrastructure: schools, nurseries, hospitals and the most indefensible population group — children (Beslan and others). Consequently researchers notice, that «when earlier terrorists mostly tried to exert violence against «famous» people, political leaders, rulers, nowadays the goal is to get as great as possible resonance and to face down as many as possible people» [5, p. 37].

Tactics of terrorism in recent times has very «pointedly» approached to country’s politics events. Particular acts of terrorism, made by both terrorists and criminals, imitating terror, point this. In such a way, happen in the first decade of the 21th century in the RF number of tragic occurrences coincided with electoral campaign. For example, «Nevsky express» bomb attack happened before elections to the State Duma (2007), bursting in Arkhangelsk in Sovetskih Kosmonavtov av. was during Arkhangelsk region gubernatorial campaign (2004). Such an analysis of longstanding statistics testifies that many «actions» are consciously coincided by gunmen with either political events or some remarkable dates for terrorists (datas of chiefs or companions death).

During latest raids practice of «diverting attacks» is successfully developed by terrorists. So, before occupation of TC in Dubrovka gunmen carried out burst by «McDonalds». Before acts in Beslan took place acts of terrorism with two planes, burst at the bus stop by metro «Rizhskaya». We can make a conclusion that presence of «small» act of terrorism must point to opportunity of bigger act of terrorism. Consequently, thereafter announcement of operations of antiterrorist direction (like Cell-antiterror) in its primary idea has an intention to predict future acts of terrorism and (possibly) to apprehend getting about adjoining area criminals.

Nowadays Russian reality has to do with terrorism in double-sided dimension. From one side , not each resonant guilty act is possible to acknowledge as terrorist according to the Law. Often the last argument to adjudge particular «terrorist» criminal action of alike is just alcoholic or drug intoxication of a person, rightly endorsing social threat of special significance.

From the other side , modern Russia is considered to be developing state, which firstly met the problem of terrorism. Moreover, with existing internal problems (criminal, corruption, poverty, drug addiction), the so-called «friends» of our country actively add politics of «double stan-dards» from the view to terrorists as to «ideologic fighters» and fund them. Attempts of getting out of some mass media, internet resources, which propagandize terrorism and extremism of state control are encouraged. In such conditions it is very difficult to save society from terrorism.

Problem of unemployment of young people is especially current nowadays, because for already twenty years in North Caucasus there is no positive answer to the question what to do for young and green generation. Level of unemployment there is practically 80%. Meanwhile, since 1991 the situation has become not much better. According to mass media, 2013 lowest personal sector were in North Caucasus regions6. Grading of moral life baseline leads to life disorientation. Young generation of population, who doesn’t work and has no sphere where to put his energy, often is influenced by radical nationalism, social and religious ideas. Moral and intellectual puerility of youth, especially of homeless preteens, plays its negative role. «Well-timed attention» to youth is paid by terrorist ideologists, who usually use for spirital disarmament nets of the so-called «educational establishments» in unstable regions. Information on continuing of attempts of introduction in educational establishments and carrying out of «professional conversations» by ideologists of Wahhabi in universities of Caucasus republics (in particular in Dagestan State university) still continue to arrive. We could expect the same activity of Wahhabi ideologists and other terror- ist sects in higher educational establishments of other territorial entities of the Russian Federation.

From the gleaned situation, to our point of view, there are two conclusions. For current development of Russian State it is necessary, firstly , establishment of effective ways of acts of terrorism, finances system and its further consistent counteraction. Then adoption of urgent solutions on amending current legislation with the goal to approve legal framework of reasonable prosecution of people, who carry out crimes of terroristic (threatened) nature. Secondly , strategically adjusted definition and social fundamental principles of terrorism are necessary, its preventative measures and improvement in life quality of the whole population, paying special attention on youth.

By current development trends of the Russian State, to our point of view, each criminal action, where there are noticed marks of threatening, intimidation of the person and population, marks which touch problems of safety, even without goals of its destabilization, influences on government decisions could and must in fact be recognized as act of terrorism. That’s why we suggest to add article 205 of the RF Criminal Code with particular part (or to bring in new article in the CC), where pointed in p.1 article 205 goal must be left out or must be the other. For example, the goal could be, as I.L. Trunov notices, brood of distrust by population of government which is unable to put everything in order [6, p. 25], or «psychological influencing on society in particular region» [7, p. 50]. In common, we could adopt for the goal any other, because since the beginning of 1990s it is noticed objective shift in emphasis of goals. Now, as points interior ministry member A. Shcheglov, the goal of terrorism — is not the murder itself, but threatening and demoralization of the victim, and the chief subjects are not those, who became victims, but those, who stayed alive [8, p. 43]. By that, it was successfully materialized the idea that the power of terror — is in fear of the unknown, in horror of loss of a person of peace and safety feelings.

Qualified circumstances, which limit specialities of particular types of acts of terrorism, could be legal wordings on person’s particular goals. For example, destabilization of public security, cause death or bodily injuries to considerable number of people, stop/business interruption of big industrial enterprise, destroying of transport infrastructure, amount of inflicted (possible) damage, death (possible) of considerable number of people and use of increased risk facilities during commission of crime. By that, it is important not to forget, that differentiation of terrorists’ target strengths will not neutralize the political goal of terrorism itself. Inasmuch as terrorist activities anyway will touch all generally valid (it means also socio-political) problems — are problems of safety. Safety, which includes public and personal safety — are considered to be indispensable condition of existing and successful development of a person himself, society and state. It touches such mass public interests, that they will instantly become interesting to different political bodies. Thereby, the goal of influence on power decision making will be changed into indirect goal, which will «screen» itself before another goal, as for example, threatening of a person, or in reality of many persons.

Also rather appropriate we consider setting a question of focusing on analysis of specialities of main socio-political background of terrorism in Russia, analysis of statistical information for attack and correct prediction of terrorists’ objects of threats. It will allow people, who render decisions at the higher level of government to take into account situation of industrial and financial branches of the state as well as socio-economic conditions of a citizen. In a word, without understanding of the specifics status quo of current Russian socio-economic reality it is impossible to study and change specialities of everyday Russian living conditions, which are considered to be prime principle and basis of terrorism display.

Possible threats of terrorism in the Russian Arctic

Above represented diagnostic of terrorist activity within the territory of the RF particular aspects has a conceptual meaning for the Russian Federation Arctic zone (RFAZ) because vectors of geopolitical interests of many countries are met in Arctic and possibility of confrontational activities of particular countries’ representatives and international organizations is high in struggle for Arctic resources and transport communications. Potential threat of extremism and terrorism in the RFAZ demands for system estimation of factorial threats and enforcement of complex counter-terrorism measures. «Strategy of the Russian Federation Arctic zone development and providing of national security for the period up to the year 2020» (2013) laid the basic model of state mechanism of providing industrial security and stability of government and authority institutions functioning. It provides prevention of extremist and terrorist threats. Principal instrument of antiterrorist vector of management strengthening is considered to be state program of «Socio-economic development of the Arctic zone for the period up to the year 2020» accepted in April 21, 2014, destined for providing of local infrastructure of life sustaining security and improvement of the population quality of life.

Set in these documents challenges reflect specifics of geopolitical basis of states’ relations on problems of management and control over the Arctic world. We will underline at once, that security of population life and industrial activity in the RF Arctic zone — is a characteristic of country’s sovereignty respect. Partners on international relationship in Arctic are not always politically correct speaking about national interest of Russia. Well-known actions of «Greenpeace» in rela- tion to «Prirazlomnaya» platform, to tanker with Arctic oil — are confirmation to it. Here is important to underline, that port terminals, harbors of atomic ice breaking and transport fleet of ice class, atomic icebreaker fleet itself, storage of hydrocarbons and tanker communications attract the most attention as possible objects for terrorist attacks. Right here special security measures are necessary, which will really reduce its possibility.

New directions in development of economic and political relations with China potentially could provoke into activation of terrorist activities in their struggle to cause damage to the process of delivery of hydrocarbons and other natural resources from the Arctic (Yamal), Siberia and the Far East in the regions of Celestial Kingdom, Russian Arctic unfortunately is not secured from terrorist activities at the extraction and hydrocarbon transportation facilities. Transport experiences purposeful and permanent attacks of terrorists: more often — railway, and less — planes. Here we could see strict dependence: works on increase of aviation-related security even more complicate activities of law breakers. Accessibility and insecurity of most of infrastructure objects of railroad, communications and lines of transport, fragility of railway vehicles themselves, as well as possibility to cause effect by one action — here are the main reasons for saving of dynamics of terrorist acts number in railways. Railway terrorism didn’t pass the Arkhangelsk region, which is included partly into the Russian Federation Arctic zone, even at the grassroots. 2004 at the running line Isa-kogorka - Arkhangelsk by railway engineer it was founded jointing of trunk tracks — in half an hour before supposed freight train with oil. Judicial scrutiny established that lawbreakers «thought that until everything blows over to ask governor or government executive of Arkhangelsk one million dollars, «or there will be a new catastrophe». The people guilty of terrorism were sentenced to 9 and 11 years of imprisonment in colony with a strict regime7.

In Russian reality it is highly demanded introduction of efficient but not supposed antiterrorist decisions, of working technical security features. Introduction of real, but nor papery agencies (destroying of terrorists in lagers of their training). The whole information blockade at the place of act of terrorism is necessary, but not some other actions in media freedom. All that demands for great financial, economic and human resources. For example, expensive for any enterprise will be highly-qualified video control system, but its presence will give an opportunity to find circulation of under cloud people, to detect their way up to commission of crime, to prove identity, possible specialities of their psychology, to make composite sketch, to foresee their fur- ther actions. When these facilities are used after crime, «functionality of such facilities on watching after the accident underlines act of infringing of society interests» [5, p. 37].

Prognosticative foresight of security threats in all the phases of project enforcement of gas-and-oil exploitation is even current especially on the shelf. Length (10-20 years) of construction and industrial exploitation of producing capacities creates backgrounds for act of terrorism. Unfortunately, we must take into account tendency of behavior of some geopolitical players when not to isolation but to derogation of Russian positions in Arctic. It could be a background for stimulation of extremist actions of «independent» non-governmental organizations, lack of their public denouncement. In other words, international partners in order to put pressure on Russia could turn to uncivilized instruments of geoeconomic struggle.

It is important always to remember: Russian North, though being remoted from main hotbeds of tension and terrorist actions, is considered to be one of critical areas in Russian map. And, unfortunately, number of famous events, don’t make us to put Northern territories to «uninterest-ing» for terrorists objects of our motherland. Not for nothing number of terrorist actions (thanks God for instruction) riot policemen held in the Kola Bay. As a rule, extremists threaten wholeness and functioning reliability of regional socio-economic complexes, trying to destabilize situation in the Arctic region under the auspices of local population. In this we can see as minimum two factors: economic depression and legal nihilism (criminalization of consciousness).

What economic backgrounds provoke people to extremism? Loss of psychological assurance in achievement of material welfare, longstanding being in the phase of moral depression, supported by poor economics. One of results of market reformation of economy in Murmansk, Arkhangelsk and other territories of the RFAZ by the end of the twentieth century became the process of cachexia of basic branches of regional complexes. Negativity of reforms is felt and in the past decade, when we noticed breakdown of core enterprises, especially in northern singleindustry cities. On the surface it is sometimes created the impression that in one or another territorial entity of the RF economics as if exits the stagnation, but lack of necessary investment fundings in basic funds fatally leads to cachexia of regional infrastructure and liquidation of particular enterprises. In Arkhangelsk during 2010-2013 were practically closed two greatest enterprises — pulp-and-paper and sawing-wood-processing factories. Its result is characteristic — freezing of dynamics of population income, search of nonsocial methods of realization of material wants by citizens.

Citizens with criminal motives of behavior, when confirming allowability of nonlegal regulation of socio-economic living conditions, became one of possible sources of thickening of social re- lations. This group of people could be vastly transformed into subject of local extremism. Marginal values of inhabitants facilitate transition to corruption and to neglect of duty. All these are considered to be a peculiar kind of accelerators or sponsors of organized underworld and induction of terrorist processes. Corruption in Russia long ago became a peculiar kind of accelerator of organized underworld and anyway influences development of terrorism. We surely speak not about direct patronage but about disparaging criminal agency to criminal intents. For example, in disguising of drug industry, nonlegal export of natural resources (oil, oil products, wood), sale and smuggling of untraceable gun, slave trade, possible schematic model of disguise (legalization) during issuing passports and registration of bandits.

Negligent performance — is neglect conduct of official responsibility. Neglect performance of storage of hazardous substances in Russian reality facilitates for terrorists succeeding their ideas. Moreover, when neglect performance of storage and turnover of gun and explosive substances — is not such a rarity. According to the information of Chief Military Prosecutor's Office, in 2012 by military prosecutors it was revealed more than 13 thousand of lawbreakings during provision of safety conditions of storage, exploiter and utilization of military equipment8. In 2013 by coast guard it was impounded 32 weapons, 1790 ammunition, more than 14 kg of explosive substances and founded 12 arms dumps. During transfer operations at one of parts of the Arkhangelsk port it was for example forfeited 8 kilograms of ammonium-nitrate explosive9. It belonged to «Ex-pedition-2» of the Federal agency of the RF atomic energetics (Minatom), which used northern port as storage area. But an alarm sign of this fact was information hiding by atomists. They declared it only after coming to Novaya Zemlya. Banal statement about it, that it was lost time efficiency for establishment of a moment and place of lost is added by enlargement of future seating operations geography. Firstly it was conducted from the Urals to final point. But nevertheless, undercover men pointed the place and circumstances of flagrant violation of requirements for transportation of hazardous cargo to the cargo ship, and soon it was founded explosive. 2007 in one of garages in Arkhangelsk public law enforcement officials impounded one of the greatest even founded in the city arsenals of weapons. The same arms dump was founded by Novodvinsk.

Cyberterrorism is becoming more dangerous. In Murmansk and Arkhangelsk regions there are situated and work highly technological enterprises of defense-industrial sector, shipbuilding companies, objects of naval service and space-based defenses. Also technological progress of ore mining and ore mining-chemical complexes enterprises of the Murmansk region, which are in competition in the world market, is attractive for criminal industrial intelligence. For example, the object of cyberattack could become operations of drilling device based on computer technologies. By electronic system compromise it is possible to deactivate the equipment and cause dangerous ecological damages [9, pp. 4—7]. Naturally, these possible incidents in industrial activity could be cogent argument for accusation of Russia in environmental incompatibility of politics of hydrocarbon Arctic resources development. There exists the threat of breaking in by cyber-terrorists of branches of economy, which carry communication component and fulfill important state functions.

All these threats demand for building of reliable defense system of data bases of many business subjects, state run and military public authorities on the territory of the RF Arctic regions. By that, the defense must be sought-after in both technological and organizational ways. We must also take into account, that means of cyberterrorism are information wars not only with business rivals, but also between states, what we can see nowadays in interpretation of military conflict in the Ukraine. This dangerous tendency of strengthening of potential influence on people changes in consciousness and psycho, forcing him to sell commercial or state secrets. That,s why paying attention to already existing facts of entering in information systems of the RF Arctic regions’ enterprises and state institutions, it is necessary always to have successful system of counterterrorism. In one word, management of Russian enterprises must not only foresee the threats, but also provide necessary resources for eliminating of cyberterrorism circumstances.

Current direction in the struggle against extremism is considered to be its preventative measures in youth culture . For development and implementation of effective educational-preventative work it is important scientific diagnosticity of reasons for young people’s interest to terrorist instruments. Roots of such a motivation are hidden in situ of community development, in common «…social sickness, which deeply touches substance of regulations in society, more and more embracing the younger generation» [5, p. 34]. So, among the participants of extremist organization «Spas» (to which participants are accused according to article 205 RF CC in organization of burst in Moscow Cherkizovsky rinok) there were mostly young people with well-defined pseudo-patriotic, misogynistic views and ideas of national intolerance¹⁰.

The whole system of educational establishments on the territory of the RF territorial entities must be under reliable anti-terrorist monitoring. And Northwestern Federal District with its

Moskovsky komsomolec. 9th August, 2007.

higher educational establishments in this means is not the exception. Their graduates more than half will fill local zones of terrorists’ interests attraction on the coast of White sea, Barents and Kara seas with strategically important objects. University’s life in all means is demanded to minimize possible risks and threats of terrorism in the RFAZ, to form positive socio-cultural atmosphere of northern territories, foreign for realization of any acts of terrorism.

The utmost importance in main sources of terrorism in Russia is current social situation in the Russian society, which keeps everyone in fear and constant exertion, which creates danger to life and health, especially in the periods of political and financial and economic crisis (2014-2015), adoption of sanctions and attempts to isolate Russia. Because of permanent stress, the person begins to feel economic insecurity, mental abnormalities, realization of changeability, disadvantages from normative behavior. This sickness in modern world acquired number of negative forms of that, what the author is supposed to name home, local terrorism. It is dissipation of street crime, inability of law enforcement to increase currently low clearance rate. Nondisclosure of crimes wrenches principle of justice. Here we also include increasing influence of criminal, common social instability, massive substandard living conditions. In this list there is also a fall in the level of industrial activity, loss of working places by most of active population with respective consequences, problem of uncontrolled migration and increase of criminal by migrants.

Migration from former republics of the USSR, which became poor in within a matter of weeks, provided inflow of disadvantaged population for Russia. As a result we see escalation of the conflicts, growth of criminal activity by of the former USSR countries descents. So, noticing positive moments in activity of renovated Ministry of Internal Affairs, President V.V. Putin said that there is still a tendency to growth of crimes made by foreigners — its amount has increased over 10% [10]. Ordinary terrorists sometimes disguise as migrants. Successful registration, alien's residence permit, home and working place are achieved by such people with the help of bureaucrats in registrar offices. As a result the situation in number of Siberian regions is becoming urgent.

Eventually, indigenous population gradually loses their advantages. Aliens got defense and patronage — in society we can see priority maladjustments (aspiration to defend minorities in the prejudice of majority, administrative recourse for displaced persons interests promotion) and appear some inevitable extremist events. Russian President in recent times has paid attention to increase of number of extremist events, not long ago he pointed to the RF Ministry of Internal Affairs, that «it is unwarrantable to close eyes and underestimate extremist pranks from any who», and called into to struggle against display of xenophobia, nationalism, religious struggle and to start preventative measures in youth culture…» [11].

Conclusion

Complex preventative measures against terrorism appears to be an effective instrument of its limitation by following some conceptual ideas.

Firstly, we need beforehand diagnostics of socio-political and economic processes in the regions of the RF development, which are susceptible to inherent instability.

Secondly, must be carried out projects and programs of successful solutions of socioeconomic problems of the RFAZ, realization of human rights for dignified socio-cultural environment in frigid conditions of the North.

Thirdly, systematic realization of institution of punishment under criminal law of people, who is accessory to any phase of preparation and performance of acts of terrorism.

Fourthly, it is necessary to increase official liability of state institutions personnel for quality of strategic-analytical actions on caution of terrorist activities.

Fifthly, we must draw a lesson from anti-terrorist practice of modern history of Russia, from serious collapses of counter-terror by forceful institutions of our state. In such a way, any area of public relations development will appear to be the barrier for extremist, terrorist tendencies and pathologic feelings of radical citizens.

Difficulty and inconsistency of cause and effect relationship of such an phenomenon as «terrorism» and of struggle with it, in the context of Russian reality, underline opportuneness of conclusion, that «for Russia is current the system-related defense of its moral history, within which happens negative changes of its character, which opens gateways to life feeling depression with further shot of social extremism» [11, p. 130-132]. We would like to repeat, that this topic demands for further research because of its urgent character, scholarly and practical importance for life-sustaining activity of the whole Russian society, including such a difficult macro region as the Russian Federation Arctic zone.