The type of heart rate regulation as a criterion for adaptation to learning conditions

Aim. The paper aims to find the dynamics of heart rate in cadets of the Cossack corps during the training period. Materials and methods. A dynamic study of 323 cadets from 5th (10-11 years) to 11th (16-17 years) grade was conducted. The examination of children was performed annually with the help of the Health-Express hardware and software complex (TC 9442-003-17635079-2009: version 2 - Health - Express-2 with a set of computerized devices for assessing psychophysiological condition and physical development and ECG recording, Medical Computer Systems, Zelenograd, Moscow region). Results. This research demonstrated changes in heart rate variability indicating alterations in vegetative balance towards the predominance of sympathetic activity in the learning process. The vast majority of cadets belong to the group with a moderate predominance of autonomic heart rate regulation. There is an increase in the number of children with a moderate predominance of central mechanisms of regulation. At the same time, heart rate variability, as well as spectral characteristics, are the most stable in these two groups. The increase in the number of children, as well as the negative dynamics of the main indicators of heart rate regulation among children with a pronounced predominance of autonomic regulation, indicates overtraining and inadequate physical activity. Conclusion. The use of the data obtained for admission to educational institutions will reduce the risk of malfunctioning in adaptive mechanisms. Monitoring heart rate in order to adjust physical activity will also have a positive effect on the students' adaptive reserves.