Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) as an independent marker of ischemic myocardial remodeling in heart failure

It has been reported that the increased expression of natural inhibitors of the matrix metalloproteinases is associated with the high risk of mortality and heart failure progression. The aim of the study was to estimate the diagnostic value of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) for the diagnosis of heart failure in patients with myocardial ischemia and/or post-myocardial infarction remodeling. A total of 52 patients with heart failure NYHA classes II, III, and IV were enrolled in the study. Diagnostic value and prognosis for adverse cardiovascular events were analyzed in the prospective 6-month observation. The patients were divided into three groups according to heart failure severity: group 1 included patients with NYHA class II (n=18) with preserved left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) (>45%), group 2 included patients with NYHA class III (n=23) with decreased LV EF, and group 3 included patients with the most severe NYHA class IV chronic heart failure (n=11) and LV EF of