Tools used in Tagar rock art: findings of an experimental traceological study

Tools used in Tagar rock art: findings of an experimental traceological study

Автор: Zotkina L.V., Davydov R.V.

Журнал: Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia @journal-aeae-en

Рубрика: The metal ages and medieval period

Статья в выпуске: 3 т.50, 2022 года.

Бесплатный доступ

We describe the findings of traceological analysis and experiments with bronze and iron tools used by Tagar and Tes artists. The pecking traces these tools leave on the red Devonian sandstone were examined to assess which of them could have been used in rock art production. At the first stage, a preliminary analysis of Tagar petroglyphs was carried out, and metal tools and weapons from the Martyanov Museum of Local History in Minusinsk were examined. Morphologically suitable ones were selected, and experimental tools were made of stone, copper alloys, and low-carbon steel. Experiments were conducted and samples of pecking traces were produced. The final stage of the work consisted of comparing these samples with actual petroglyphs, and use-wear traces on the experimental tools with those on the actual tools. This approach made a direct comparison possible. Among the Tagar and Tes metal tools, those that had likely been used in rock art production were detected. The conclusion was made that no specialized tools designated for that purpose existed at that time in the Minusinsk Basin. Rather, multifunctional tools were used. These were made of tin bronze and low-carbon steel with thermal processing. Such tools first appeared in the region in the Early Iron Age.

Еще

Rock art, petroglyphs, Tagar culture, Minusinsk Basin, use-wear analysis, experiment, traceology

Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/145146802

IDR: 145146802   |   DOI: 10.17746/1563-0110.2022.50.3.060-071

Список литературы Tools used in Tagar rock art: findings of an experimental traceological study

  • Alvarez M., Fiore D., Favrey E., Guerra R.C. 2001 The use of lithic artifacts for making rock art engravings: Observation and analysis of use-wear traces in experimental tools through optical microscopy and SEM. Journal of Archaeological Science, No. 28: 457-464.
  • Aubry T., Sampaio J., Luís L. 2011 Approche expérimentale appliquée à l’étude des vestiges du Paléolithique supérieur de la Vallée du Côa (Portugal). In La Investigación Experimental Aplicada a la Arqueologia. Vol. 1: Tecnologia y Traceologia Litica Prehistorica y su Experimentacion. Granada: Universidad de Granada, pp. 87-96.
  • Baiberdina (Talyagina) M.A. 2019 Izobrazheniya tesinskogo vremeni v Minusinskoy kotlovine v kontekste arkheologicheskogo materiala. Teoriya i praktika arkheologicheskikh issledovaniy, No. 3 (27): 20-34.
  • Beaune S.A., de, Pinçon G. 2001 Approche expérimentale des techniques magdaléniennes de sculpture pariétale: Le cas d’Angles-sur-Anglin (Vienne). In Préhistoire et approche expérimentale. Montignac: Edition Monique Mergoil, pp. 67-75.
  • Bradfield J., Thackeray J.F., Morris D. 2014 An experimental investigation into the origin of incised lines on a 4000-year-old engraving from Wonderwerk Cave, Northern Cape Province. South African Archaeological Bulletin, No. 69 (199): 72-79.
  • Chlenova N.L. 1992 Tagarskaya kultura. In Stepnaya polosa Aziatskoy chasti SSSR v skifo-sarmatskoye vremya. Moscow: Nauka, pp. 206-223.
  • D’Errico F., Sacchi D., Vanhaeren M. 2002 L’analyse technique de l’art gravé de Fornols-Haut, Campôme, France. Implications dans la datation des représentations de style paléolithique à l’air libre. In L’art paléolithique à l’air libre: Le paysage modifi é par l’image, Tautavel-Campôme, 7-9 octobre 1999. Carcassonne: Gaep, Géopré, pp. 75-86.
  • Devlet M.A. 1976 Bolshaya Boyarskaya pisanitsa. Moscow: Nauka.
  • Fedorova D.N. 2019 Primeneniye sovremennykh tekhnologiy dlya izucheniya petroglifov Russkogo Severa. Zapiski IIMK RAN, No. 20: 104-111.
  • Fregni E.G. 2014 The Compleat Metalsmith: Craft and Technology in the British Bronze Age. Sheffield: Univ. of Sheffield, Dep. of Archaeology.
  • Girya E.Y., Devlet E.G. 2010 Nekotoriye rezultaty razrabotki metodiki izucheniya tekhniki vypolneniya petroglifov piketazhem. Uralskiy istoricheskiy vestnik, No. 1 (26): 107-118.
  • Golubeva E.V. 2016 Teoriya i praktika eksperimentalno-trasologicheskikh issledovaniy nemetallicheskogo instrumentariya rannego zheleznogo veka - Srednevekovya (na materialakh yuzhnotayozhnoy zony Sredney Sibiri). Krasnoyarsk: Sib. Federal. Univ.
  • Gorashchuk I.V., Semin D.V. 2018 Metallurgicheskiy i metalloobrabatyvayushchiy kompleks kamennykh orudiy truda s poseleniya Mikhailovo-Ovsyanka v Samarskoy oblasti. Vestnik Udmurtskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ser.: Istoriya i fi lologiya, No. 4 (28): 599-606.
  • Gueret C., Benard A. 2017 “Fontainebleau rock art” (Ile-de-France, France), an exceptional rock art group dated to the Mesolithic? Critical return on the lithic material discovered in three decorated rock shelters. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, No. 1: 99-120.
  • Khavrin S.V. 2000 Tagarskiye bronzy. In Mirovozzreniye. Arkheologiya. Ritual. Kultura: Sbornik statey k 60-letiyu M.L. Podolskogo. St. Petersburg: Mir knigi, pp. 183-193.
  • Khavrin S.V. 2007 Tagarskiye bronzy Shirinskogo rayona Khakasii. In Sbornik nauchnykh trudov v chest 60-letiya A.V. Vinogradova. St. Petersburg: Kult-Inform-Press, pp. 115-122.
  • Knyazeva E.V. 2011 Tekhnologiya metallurgii i metalloobrabotki na territorii Nizhnego Priangarya v sredniye veka: Opyt eksperimentalnotrasologicheskikh issledovaniy. Vestnik Novosibirskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ser.: Istoriya, fi lologiya. No. 5: Arkheologiya i etnografi ya: 108-116.
  • Kuzmin N.Y. 2008 Etapy slozheniya i razvitiya tesinskoy kultury (po pogrebalnym pamyatnikam stepey Minusinskoy kotloviny). In Nomady kazakhskikh stepey: Etnosotsiokulturniye protsessy i kontakty v Yevrazii skifo-sakskoy epokhi. Astana: Prezidentskiy tsentr kultury Respubliki Kazakhstan, pp. 187-204.
  • Leroi-Gourhan A. 1964 Le Geste et La Parole. Vol. 1: Technique et langage. Paris: Albin Michel.
  • Lopèz-Tascon C., Pedergnana A., Ollé A., de la Rasilla M., Mazo C. 2020 Characterization of the use-wear and residues resulting from limestone working. Experimental approach to the parietal art of La Viña rock shelter (La Manzaneda, Asturias, Spain). Quaternary International, vol. 569-570: 212-227.
  • Miklashevich E.A. 2012 Tekhnika gravirovki v naskalnom iskusstve skifskogo vremeni. In Izobrazitelniye i tekhnologicheskiye traditsii v iskusstve Severnoy i Tsentralnoy Azii. Kemerovo: Kuzbassvuzizdat, pp. 157-202. (Trudy Sibirskoy assotsiatsii issledovateley pervobytnogo iskusstva).
  • Miklashevich E.A. 2020 O skhodstve drevneishikh naskalnykh izobrazheniy Yuzhnoy Sibiri i Tsentralnoy Azii i probleme ikh atributsii. KSIA, No. 261: 82-98.
  • Molodin V.I., Geneste Z.-M., Zotkina L.V., Cheremisin D.V., Cretin C. 2019 The “Kalgutinsky” style in the rock art of Central Asia. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, vol. 47 (3): 12-26.
  • Molodin V.I., Zotkina L.V., Cretin C., Cheremisin D.V., Batbold N., Tseveendorj D. 2020 Palimpsest s mestonakhozhdeniya Tsagaan-Salaa IV (Mongolskiy Altai): Otnositelnaya khronologiya izobrazheniy. KSIA, No. 260: 134-150.
  • Naumov D.V. 1963 Proizvodstvo i obrabotka drevnikh mednykh i bronzovykh izdeliy Minusinskoy kotloviny. In Noviye metody v arkheologicheskikh issledovaniyakh. Moscow, Leningrad: AN SSSR, pp. 159-190.
  • Plisson H. 2007 La fonction des outils de silex dans les grottes ornées paléolithiques. In Congrès du Centenaire: Un siècle de construction du discours scientifique en Préhistoire. Paris: Société Préhististorique française, pp. 125-132.
  • Plisson H. 2009 Analyse tracéologique de 4 pics d’Olga Grande: des outils pour les gravures de plein air? In 200 séculos da história do vale do Côa: na vida quotidiana dos caçadores-artistos do paleolithico. Lisboa: IGESPAR, pp. 436-443.
  • Santos Da Rosa N., Cura S., Gersés S., Cura P. 2014 Between tools and engravings: Technology and experimental archaeology to the study of Cachao do Algarve rock art. In UISPP 2014: Technology and Experimentation in Archaeology. Oxford: pp. 87-96. (BAR Intern. Ser.; vol. 10, No. 2657).
  • Savelieva A.S. 2015 Tsvetnoy metall tagarskoy kultury: Istoriya issledovaniy sostava splavov na mednoy osnove s 1860-kh po 1950-ye gg. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Istoriya, No. 4 (36): 85-95.
  • Savelieva A.S. 2016 Tsvetnoy metall tagarskoy kultury: Istoriya issledovaniy sostava splavov na mednoy osnove s 1960-kh po 2000-ye gg. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, No. 408: 125-133.
  • Savelieva A.S., German P.V. 2015 Bronzy iz kurgannogo mogilnika tagarskoy kultury Nekrasovo II (po materialam raskopok 1970 g.) Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Istoriya, No. 6 (38): 108-118.
  • Savinov D.G. 1994 Razvitiye stilya izobrazheniy na plitakh kurganov tagarskoy kultury. In Problemy arkheologii, iss. 3. St. Petersburg: SPb. Gos. Univ., pp. 123-136.
  • Semenov S.A. 1957 Pervobytnaya tekhnika (opyt izucheniya drevneishikh orudiy i izdeliy po sledam raboty). Moscow, Leningrad: Izd. AN SSSR. (MIA; No. 54).
  • Soenov V.I., Konstantinova E.A. 2015 Remeslenniye proizvodstva naseleniya Altaya (II v. do n.e. - V v. n.e.). Gorno-Altaysk: Izd. Gorno-Alt. Gos. Univ.
  • Sovetova O.S. 2005 Petroglify tagarskoy epokhi na Yeniseye (syuzhety i obrazy). Novosibirsk: Izd. IAET SO RAN.
  • Sunchugashev Y.I. 1979 Drevnyaya metallurgiya Khakasii: Epokha zheleza. Novosibirsk: Nauka.
  • Vadetskaya E.B. 1986 Arkheologicheskiye pamyatniki v stepyakh Srednego Yeniseya. Leningrad: Nauka.
  • Zavyalov V.I., Rozanova L.S., Terekhova N.N. 2012 Traditsii i innovatsii v proizvodstvennoy kulture Severnoy Rusi. Moscow: Ankil.
  • Zavyalov V.I., Terekhova N.N. 2014 K voprosu o proiskhozhdenii zheleznykh izdeliy u plemen tagarskoy kultury. KSIA, iss. 236: 109-112.
  • Zotkina L.V. 2016 Le bison de La Grèze (Marquay, Dordogne, France) sous le microscope. Paléo. Revue d’Archéologie Préhistorique, No. 27: 307-320.
  • Zotkina L.V. 2019 On the methodology of studying palimpsests in rock art: The case of the Shalabolino rock art site, Krasnoyarsk Territory. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, vol. 47 (2): 93-102.
  • Zotkina L.V., Bocharova E.N. 2017 Rezultaty tekhnologo-trasologicheskogo issledovaniya kamennykh orudiy dlya vypolneniya petroglifov v tekhnike piketazha. Sibirskiye istoricheskiye issledovaniya, No. 4: 27-45.
  • Zotkina L.V., Cretin C., Plisson H., Geneste J.-M., Molodin V.I. 2020 Technological parameters of rock art at the Kalgutinsky Rudnik site on the Ukok Plateau, Russian Altai region. Quaternary International, vol. 559: 188-197.
  • Zotkina L.V., Kolobova K.A., Sutugin S.V. (s.a.) Technological or stylistic features: What defines the Minusinsk style in the earliest rock art from the Minusinsk Basin (Southern Siberia). In press.
  • Zotkina L.V., Kovalev V.S. 2019 Lithic or metal tools: Techno-traceological and 3D analysis of rock art. Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, vol. 13.
  • Zotkina L.V., Solodeinikov A.K., Davydov R.V., Kurbanov R.N., Postnikov N.V., Sutugin S.V., Shevchenko T.A., Konokhov V.A., Fedorenko P.Y. 2020 Rezultaty polevykh issledovaniy pamyatnikov naskalnogo iskusstva drevneishego plasta na territorii Minusinskoy kotloviny v 2020 godu. In Problemy arkheologii, etnografi i, antropologii Sibiri i sopredelnykh territoriy, vol. XXVI. Novosibirsk: Izd. IAET SO RAN, pp. 445-452.
  • Zotkina L.V., Tekhterekov A.S., Kharevich V.M., Plisson H. 2014 An experimental study of percussion technologies in the Minusinsk Basin: Percussion and tool types. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, No. 1: 55-65.
Еще
Статья научная
QR-код для установки приложения SciUp Наведите камеру и скачайте бесплатное приложение SciUp