Trade in goods and investment as fundamental determinants of China's economic development

This article presents a comprehensive systems analysis of the role of international merchandise trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows as critical factors in the economic growth of the People's Republic of China. It examines the evolution of their interrelationships and the dynamics of the synergistic effect these factors have had at various, qualitatively different stages of economic reform in China. Using an event-based analysis methodology, incorporating the concepts of reference, trigger, and bifurcation points, the transformation of China's economic model is examined in detail. The final section draws conclusions regarding current challenges, existing structural imbalances, and the strategic rules necessary to ensure China's long-term sustainable economic development in the context of the new global economic and geopolitical reality.