Technology transfer in the energy industry: evaluation and analysis of foreign experience

The article presents the results of research on technology transfer practices in the countries of Europe, Asia, America, and Africa. The aim of the work is to study the experience of development and implementation of technology transfer (TT) tools in the energy industry and to assess the relevance of their use in the energy sector of the Russian Federation. The article offers a hypothesis, according to which high efficiency of technology transfer in industry and, accordingly, significant pace of innovative development of economic agents (energy enterprises) in foreign countries are the consequence of the introduction of state programs that involve coordination, financing, and methodological support of subjects of transfer. The article demonstrates the use of tools of analysis, comparison, grouping and comparative modeling in relation to innovations transfer efficiency indicators. The article authors analyze the provisions of international legislation, and compare analytical information on investments in implementation of TT programs and the obtained effects. The analysis is based on scientific publications and official reports from governments and independent organizations responsible for various aspects of TT. Based on the results of the analysis, the hypothesis about the possibility of ensuring the maximum efficiency of technology transfer in the energy sector through appropriate stimulation of the development of its mechanisms has been confirmed. Conclusions about the possibility of using the reviewed experience in similar conditions have been worded.