Transnationalism of economy: theoretical and methodological aspect

The purpose of this article is to study theoretical and methodological foundations of the economy’s transnationalism. The study of the transnationalism of the world economy is carried out at different levels in order to combine micro, macro, and global levels ofanalysis. The article examines the methodological foundations of transnationalism; identifies theoretical approaches to the study of the process of transnationalism; systematizes the results of research by domestic and foreign scientists devoted to approaches to the definition of the concept, principles, factors of transnationalism. Theories of international capital movement are systematized, the classification of theories of international production and FDI is presented. A large number of factors contribute to the appearance of transnationalism theories. The main obstacle to the consolidation of scientific views is the dynamic change in the way of transnationalism and comprehensive nature of the activities of TNCs (presence in most sectors of the economy). In 2021, global FDI flows recovered to pre-pandemic levels and reached $1.6 trillion US dollars. Cross-border transactions and international project finance were particularly active because of free financing terms. In 2022, however, the global environment for international business and cross- border investment changed radically. The global environment for international investment changed dramatically with the launch of a special military operation in Ukraine, which began at a time when the world was still recovering from the pandemic effects. The direct impact of special military operation on investment flows in the Russian Federation is the suspension of existing investment projects, the outflow of funds from the Russian Federation, the spread of asset value, losses and sanctions. These facts make the study of theoretical and methodological foundations of the transnationalism of economy relevant.