Yield capacity and chemical composition of green beans in cultivars of kidney bean bred at Omsk Agrarian University in the south forest-steppe of Western Siberia

In 2014-2016 the assessment of kidney bean cultivars bred at Omsk State Agrarian University on yield capacity, quality, and biochemical chemical compounds in green beans, such as proteins, zinc, iodine, iron and sucrose was carried out in the south forest-steppe of Western Siberia. The technological parameters of green beans: the shape of cross-section area; pulpiness, fibrous or non-fibrous, and bean thickness were estimated. Three-year study showed that all tested cultivars bred at Omsk State Agrarian University surpassed control cultivar in yield capacity, chemical composition and technological parameters of green beans. The cultivar ‘Pamiyaty Rizhovoy' gave a highest yield: 563.4 g/m2 in 2014; 622.8 g/m2 in 2015; and 620.4 g/m2 in 2016. It is worth noticing that this cultivar is also distinguished by contents of micro- and macroelements: 21.20-28.68 mg/kg of zinc; 0.012-0.018 mg/kg of iodine; and 1.8-3.2 mg/kg of iron. In the course of the study, it was noticed the dependence of yield capacity on hydrothermal coefficient (HC). In 2014-2015 the yield capacity was a lowest when the moisturization was insufficient at 0.7 HC. With increase of HC the yield was higher. With sufficient moisturization at 1.0 HC the highest yield of green beans was observed in 2016. The estimation of kidney bean cultivars bred at Omsk State Agrarian University showed that all beans were distinguished by high quality parameters in the phase of technical maturity, such as pulpiness, non-fibrous, thickness 0.5 to 1.0 cm, and green and yellow colors. The highest protein content comparing to the control cultivar ‘Zolushka' was detected in ‘Marusya' 23.60% in 2014, 20.94% in 2015; and ‘Zoloto Sibiry' 19.79% in 2016. The observed results confirmed that contents change of proteins, sucrose, and even micro and macroelements depended on the climatic conditions. In the hot and dry summer the protein content, depending on cultivar increased 18.31% to 23.60%, in 2014, and 17.81 to 20.94% in 2015. The same occurred with zinc 19.63 to 28.68 mg/kg in 2014, and 20.14 to 27.54 to 2015; and iron 2.0 to 3.2 mg/kg in 2014 and 1.6-1.9 mg/kg in 2015.