Verbals of movement

In recent years, there has been a wider expansion of this approach to the study of language, in which the analysis of convergence and discrepancy, carried out for practical purposes, is carried out against the background of these typologies, but the characteristics of the languages being compared are determined in relation to the common means of the human language. In other words, the comparative typology is at the intersection of typology and comparative linguistics.

The transformation of language systems and subsystems of the two languages, their study, regardless of kinship and territorial prevalence, has become known as comparative linguistics.

The founders of comparative linguistics are E.D.Polivanov and N.S. Trubetskoy, who conducted their studies in various planes: the first - for linguistic purposes, and the second - in the theoretical aspect.

In modern comparative typology, despite its significant successes, many issues remain unresolved. The well-known Swedish linguist G.Kakobson wrote in the late 1970s: "It is well known that despite the growing efforts of scientists in the field of comparative description of languages for 25 years, we are still wandering in the darkness and do not have a generally recognized linguistic theory lying in the basis of this field of science, nor the appropriate method. " The way out of this situation is G.K. Jakobson sees in the creation of a general theory of systemic comparison of languages.

A comparative study of different system languages is carried out on the basis of highlighting current problems, among which the most important, in our opinion, is the verb and the study of its multidimensional system.

Verbs of movement belong to the Slavonic vocabulary. They have correspondences not only in Slavonic, but also in Indo-European and Baltic languages. Despite their archaic nature, they are actively used in Russian for many centuries.

Verbs of motion have a high frequency. For example, according to the dictionary "Lexical minima of the modern Russian language" some of these verbs are included in the 500 most common words of the Russian language. Verbs of movement are traditionally an object of linguistic and methodological research. Information about them can be found not only in studies specifically devoted to this group, but also in academic grammar of the Russian language, in textbooks for philological students and in Russian language manuals for foreign students. However, as a rule, they reflect the use of verbs of movement in colloquial speech in their direct meaning and in some secondary meanings. Our modest contribution to the study of this group of verbs lies in the fact that in it for the first time the questions of the functioning of the verbs of motion in different Russian and Uzbek languages are put and are being tried.

The verbs of motion are understood as a group of verbs, which are related not only semantically, but also morphologically. Universal situations receive a different division and differently imprinted in different languages.

The semantic specificity of language can manifest itself not only in the proper lexical semantics, but also in word and formative, reflecting, at the same time, the grammatical features of a specific linguistic system, as evidenced by the comparative typological study of the verbs of the movement of Russian and Uzbek languages.

In determining the aspects of the study of vocabulary, comparativecomparative linguistics is put on the forefront, which makes it possible to establish elements of similarity and divergence in the field of related and unrelated languages in the synchronized plan.

Like any socio-cultural phenomenon, interethnic linguistic contacts, the need for mutual awareness of nations within the framework of linguistic culture, arising primarily from a new dimension of the linguistic and cultural integration process and the common desire of nations to build their relationships on a qualitatively new spiritual and cultural basis, they raise the problem of modern linguistics comparative study of languages and their lexical sub-levels.

Comprehension and knowledge of the essence of this or that verbalized linguistic sign causes the analysis of the technique of its nominations in the diachronic and synchronous plane of the language. In this regard, modern linguistics is characterized by a tendency to research, which uses data from various languages, the development of complex problems, borderline in the different languages. The circle of issues under consideration includes consideration of the internal organization of the language, its functioning in the text, correlation to extralinguistic reality, pragmatic orientation of linguistic units and their elements in the process of interaction and the creation of various communication plans.

The modern state of scientific development of the actual problems of linguistics, the task of lexicology and semasiology, and their interrelations with grammar, the prospects for the general development of the theory of meaning and the tinge cause a search for linguistic innovations, a new look at the preceding problems, and involve in the orbit of scientific research in linguistics many issues unexplored in the comparative plan.

Therefore, today, in connection with the solution of theoretical and applied problems of modern linguistics, among the most important issues of comparative linguistics, the problem of stratification of semantic classes of verbs of different-structure languages becomes more urgent.

All the semantic varieties of the verb, including the verbs of movement, cause great difficulties in the process of mastering the Russian language by nonRussian. In this respect, the study of verbs of motion in a comparative plan is relevant, primarily because the different typological affiliation of languages, the specific character of their lexical structure determine the specific character of the functioning of lexical and grammatical means of transmitting modes and character of movement. In this regard, the synchronous-comparative analysis carried out in the dissertation makes it possible to draw a conclusion about the relevance of the issues under consideration and in the practice of translating fiction.