Virtual identity and the factors of involvement in massively multiplayer online game (MMOG)

Based on longitudinal field observation the psychological aspects of Massively-multiplayer online game “Travian” are described in terms of group dynamics and emotional processes. Different forms of game behavior are presented and analyzed, including the formation of groups (aliances) and their dissolution, role-taking behavior within aliances, different playing strategies. Typical intra- and interpersonal conflicts are highlighted. The group dynamics is supposed to play a crucial role in coping with emotional tension derived from game process, characterized by heightened vigility and persistent perceived danger (of losing goods, soldiers, villages and even the entire game account), regular frustrations, instability of success, a need for giving up one’s aspirations and permanent competition. The virtual identity phenomenon is discussed. The factors of involvement in playing “Travian” are compared to traditional model of addiction formation pointing both similarities and discrepancies. Both primitive and mature forms of game behavior can be described with regard to the types of emotional reactivity (based on the concept of “developmental positions”, proposed by M.Klein), complexity of representation of communication partners and of self-representation and identity. The passage from primitive to mature forms of game behavior is often observed, what supports the understanding of “Travian” as a “simulator of emotional development”. It is suggested that a lack of possibility for maintaining more complex, fuller and richer emotional life (as opposed to maintaining a level of a good social adaptation) could be a disposing factor to the wish of participating in such a game as “Travian”. The need to personal elaboration of gender roles and attitudes and the reactivation of unsolved adolescent problems can be a source for this. Some social factors probably involved are also discussed.