Impact of the demographic and socio-economic factors on the population health

Public health depends on many factors: genetic, climatic, environmental, behavioral, socio-economic, institutional. The article presents the results of a study of the influence of demographic and socio-economic factors on the characteristics of population health - population health index (PНI) and primary disease incidence by main classes of diseases. The study was conducted using the methods of correlation analysis with the account of differences between the RF subjects. The information base was provided by Rosstat data on the subjects of the Russian Federation for 2014-2016. The results of the study showed that the population health index had stable, significant positive relations only with the share of working-age people (%) in the total population, and negative ones with the ratio of women and men in the total population. Only urban population (as % of total) is significantly related to most of the main diseases. Urban population is less prone to circulatory system diseases, but more susceptible to infectious and parasitic diseases, cancers, respiratory diseases, injuries, poisoning and other external causes, that may be due to both the negative impact of the urban environment on public health and the higher detection rate of diseases due to the greater accessibility of health services for urban population. Among the socio-economic factors having significant correlations with health indicators were per capita GRP and population per doctor. In the economically more successful regions (as a rule, with developed industrial production) the incidence of circulatory diseases is lower, but the incidence of cancers, respiratory diseases, injuries, poisoning, and other consequences of external causes is higher. Quality of life index is significantly related to diseases of the respiratory and digestive organs. Characteristics of population health had no significant stable relation to consumption of basic foodstuffs.