The influence of Christian doctrine on the understanding of the phenomenon of social status in the sermons of John Chrysostom

The article examines the influence of Christian doctrine on the understanding of the phenomenon of social status in the sermons of John Chrysostom (between 344 and 354 - 407) on the example of the relationship between generations and between spouses. It is demonstrated that, according to the philosopher, a high social status of the elderly compared to the young and of husbands compared to wives is not an inevitable and natural property of collective human existence, but rather depends on specific conditions. The basis for the saint’s high status is success in a virtuous life, which in the Christian faith is thought of as the main means of salvation and deification. Both the older generation and husbands have certain natural advantages that allow them to achieve success in a virtuous life with less difficulty and, accordingly, to have a high status. However, if a person in a subordinate position begins to surpass their superior in virtue, they can and even should change places in the social hierarchy. This understanding of social status is rooted in Christian doctrine, which emphasizes the importance of moral character and spiritual growth over external factors such as age, sex, or social position.