Influence of ecological conditions on main breeding traits of sunflower

A trial of 12 О. P. varieties, 11 interline hybrids, and 12 self- pollinated sunflower lines was conducted in regions with different soil-climate conditions (Krasnodar and Volgograd regions). Substantial influence of ecological conditions on the basic economically value sunflower traits is determined. Yield differences at absolute value averaged for varieties populations 0.67 t/ha, hybrids 0.92 t/ha, and self-pollinated lines 0.45 t/ha in trial in conditions of Volgograd region in comparison with Krasnodar. Percentage to average value yield at two places of trial for its differences was for varieties 34.0%, hybrids - 43.2%, and self-pollinated lines - 50.0%. Shares of influence of different factors (genotype, trial location, and trial year) on variability yield trait at parallel trials sunflower variety material in regions of Lower Volga and North Caucasus were: - varieties-populations 11.9, 27.9 and 11.3%, respectively for genotype, location, and year: interline hybrids - 8.6, 37.3 and 19.4%; - self- pollinated lines - 8.3, 26.5 and 24.3%; High stability on oil collection at trial in different soil-climate conditions was marked for varieties VNIIMK 8883 improved. Master and R 453 (Rodnik), hybrids Kubanskiy 930 and Temp. Lines VK-499 and VK-464 were marked out by stable high yield. In favorable conditions of North Caucasus region (Krasnodar) sunflower hybrids significantly top the varieties-populations in yield by 0.28 t/ha and in oil collection from hectare by 0.09 t/ha. In cruel conditions of Lower Volga region the same hybrid set was not differ of proper markers of varieties-populations.