Tritium small doses influence on the rabbits’ venous blood parameters

The purpose of the study is to determine the degree of impact of low doses of tritium on the phagocytic activity of blood cells, hematological parameters and the formation of free oxygen radicals in the venous blood of rabbits. A literature review is provided to assess the low-dose effects of radiation on the constancy of the internal environment of a living organism; radioecological characteristics and migration activity of tritium in objects of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere; data on the distribution of tritium in the body of animals, its effects at the morphological, molecular and genetic levels. The degree of change in hematological values, phagocytic index and chemiluminescent parameters of venous blood was studied at absorbed doses: 30 mGy, 60 and 90 mGy. Research was carried out at the department of the Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Veterinary Medicine, the research testing center of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University and at the international scientific center for studying extreme states of the body of the Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center SB RAS". It was determined that in the peripheral blood of rabbits, under the influence of tritium in doses of 30 mGy, 60 and 90 mGy, the phagocytic activity of leukocytes decreased. The chemiluminescent kinetics of spontaneous and antigen-activated generation of lucigenin-dependent radicals by venous blood cells of rabbits was characterized by one maximum. The maximum intensity of peaks of spontaneous generation of primary ROS when exposed to 3H at doses of 30 mGy, 60 and 90 mGy increases. When exposed to small doses of 3H in the peripheral blood of rabbits, the total number of spontaneous and activated primary radicals increases. With the spontaneous production of primary radicals, a direct dose-effect relationship has been established.