Влияние миграций на численность и трансформацию социально-демографических структур населения российского Севера

The impact of migration on the number and transformation of socio- demographic structures of the population in the Russian North

The purpose of the paper is to comprehend the basic theoretical positions of popula- tion migration, to reveal the features of migration processes in the new historical period, the period of transformation of socio - economic processes in the Russian North. The object of the study is 13 subjects of the Russian Federation, which ter- ritories fully belong to the regions of the Far North and equated areas. The mate- rials of population censuses from 1939 to 2010 and the current accounting data of the Russian Federal State Statistics Service for 1989-2018 formed the information base of the study.The paper deals with theoretical approaches to the definition of "migration", its functions, factors and causes of migration mobility of the population. The dynamics of the population of the Russian North is analyzed, the contribution of each com- ponent to the growth/decline of the population is estimated. The study focuses on the population dynamics, settling and ethnic structure of the indigenous peoples of the North. The massive outflow of the Russian-speaking population and age-related migration to the ethnic homeland of the indigenous peoples of the North contri- buted to the fact that their main part began to live in the national republics and autonomous districts. However, the policy of extensive settlement of Northern ter- ritories has not passed without a trace. If until the XX century the indigenous population constituted an absolute and relative majority, then in the XX-XXI cen- turies their share is insignificant.The impact of migration on the transformation of socio-demographic structure of the population of the Russian North is revealed. It is concluded that migration in- hibits the aging of the population, but worsens its quality. The Northern territories have recently received less qualified personnel, and give more educated people.