The mineral nutrition effect on some indicators of the cherry fruits biochemical composition

The purpose of the study is to establish the effect of mineral nutrition on some indicators of the biochemical composition of cherry fruits. Tasks: to study the biochemical parameters that determine the taste of cherry fruits against the background of soil application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers; to determine the dependence of biochemical parameters on doses of mineral nutrition. The object of research is the Turgenevka cherry variety bred by VNIISPK. In fruits during 2018-2021 soluble solids (SS), sugars, titratable acids were determined, and the sugar-acid index (SAI) was calculated. A significant influence of the meteorological conditions of the growing season on the chemical composition of fruits has been established. A clear dependence of the accumulation of sugars and titratable acids in the fruits of the Turgenevka cherry variety on the use of mineral fertilizers in various doses was not revealed. A significant decrease in the amount of sugars in fruits was noted with the use of fertilizers at a dose of N30K40 and N60K80 in 2019 and an increase in 2020 in the N60K80 variant. The application of fertilizers at a dose of N90K120 contributed to a significant decrease in this indicator in fruits in 2021. On average, over the years of the study, the amount of sugars was significantly lower than the control in the N90K120 variant. The most reliably high content of sucrose was in 2021 - 0.92 %. An increase in the content of sucrose with the use of fertilizers in doses of N60K80 was noted in 2020, 2021 and N120K160 in 2021. On average, over four years, the content of monosaccharides in cherry fruits significantly decreased in the N30K40 and N90K120 variants. The application of fertilizers at a dose of N90K120 significantly increased the content of titratable acids in fruits in 2020 and 2021. A significant decrease in the SAI value was noted in the N90K120 variant on average over four years of experience. In 2021, mineral fertilizers at a dose of N90K120 were significantly reduced by 1.4 times in comparison with the control SAI in cherry fruits.