Influence of precursor on plant growth, development and propagation rate of seeds of spring wheat varieties

The purpose of the research was to study the influence of precursors on the growth, development of plants and the propagation coefficient of seeds of spring wheat varieties in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen Region. Studies were carried out in 2018-2020 on the experimental field of the GAU of the Northern Trans-Urals, in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen Region. The soil of chernozemis leached, heavy-coal in granulometric composition, on average provided with nitrogen and phosphorus, well - potassium, the reaction of the soil solution is 6.7. Four precursors were chosen for the research object: corn, rapeseed, annual herbs, spring wheat and four varieties of wheat: Omsk 36, Novosibirsk 31, Tyumen jubilee, Irene. Omskaya 36 variety was adopted as the standard. During the studies, the generally accepted technology for cultivating spring wheat in the zone was used. According to the studied precursors, mineral fertilizers were used in the calculation of obtaining a seed yield of 3 tons/ha. The article presents data on the formation of interfacial periods, leaf area, photosynthesis productivity, seed fraction yield, seed reproduction coefficient of registered wheat varieties depending on the precursor in the northern forest-steppe zone of the Tyumen region. It was established that the best predecessors for the production of seeds of wheat varieties Omsk 36, Tyumen jubilee, Novosibirsk 31, Irene were annual herbs and corn. They contributed to good plant growth, leaf surface formation, productivity of photosynthesis, seed fraction, seed reproduction coefficient. At the same time, the output of seeds from the total yield on average for the studied varieties was 75 and 78 %, respectively, and the reproduction coefficient was 11.5 and 13.3.