Basic treatment influence on the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe agrochernozem nutritional regime and the yield of barley

In a field experiment in the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe, the influence of basic processing methods on the nutritional regime of agrochernozem of cryogenic-micellar thin medium loamy granulometric composition, barley yield and economic efficiency of its production were studied. Barley was cultivated in a grain fallow crop rotation (fallow - wheat - rapeseed - barley - oats) on three blocks of the main tillage: I - moldboard plowing to a depth of 20-22 cm; II - minimum processing with a disc discator to a depth of 10-12 cm; III - direct sowing (zero tillage). Studies have established that the cultivation of barley by plowing and minimal tillage determined the average supply of nitrate nitrogen (11 mg/kg). Resource-saving basic processing technologies formed a low content of nitrate nitrogen (8 mg/kg). The tillage method did not affect the content of mobile phosphorus in the 0-20 cm layer (5 mg/kg) and exchangeable potassium in the 0-10 cm layer (20 mg/kg). In the 10-20 cm layer, there is a low supply of exchangeable potassium. Surface tillage of the soil with a disc harrow determined a slight differentiation of the 0-20 cm soil layer in terms of the content of mobile phosphorus. Differentiation of the 0-20 cm layer in terms of K2O content with a difference of 2-3 mg/kg was revealed when using minimal and zero tillage for barley. The yield of barley on the block of moldboard and minimum processing has similar values. On average, over the years of research, it amounted to 2.9-4.0 t/ha. Direct sowing reduces the crop yield by 38 % compared to dump tillage. Economically more profitable is the production of barley grain with minimal tillage at a profitability of 88 %.