Влияние туризма на биоразнообразие в прибрежной зоне: ситуация в Бафре

1 – Ближневосточный университет, кафедра гражданского строительства,

• 2    – Ближневосточный университет, факультет туризма и гостиничного менеджмента,

• 3    – Ближневосточный университет, Èнститут наук об окружающей среде, Íикосия, Ñеверный Êипр

Туристическая отрасль является одной из крупнейших и быстро растущих в мире и имеет серьезное влияние на глобальные отрасли промышленности и играет очень важную роль в глобальной экономике. С другой стороны, туризм имеет социально-культурное и физического воздействие в очень больших географических районах.

Tourism sector is one of the world’s largest and fastest growing sectors and it has serious influence on the global industries and has been playing a very vital role in global economies. On the other hand, tourism has sociocultural and physical effects on very large geographic areas.

The world-wide trend of tourism sector has motivated in the last ten years (1999-2009) the local authorities of northern part of Cyprus to focus on the tourism investments. The early traces of tourism trend arise with the intense growth of infrastructures on coastal zones changing the biodiversity of the habitat. The infrastructure development extends from the construction of simple pension to the construction of hotel complexes in urban scale. One of t2hese urban scale tourism investments has started at the coastal area of Bafra village. The previously untouched 7km coastal zone has been designed to serve for 15 hotels together with the roads, wastewater treatment plant, desalination plant and recreation lagoon area.

On the other hand, it is evident that the area preserved for tourism investment is the habitat of endangered plant species such as Ammophila arenaria (L.) Link, Ipomoea imperati (Vahl) Griseb. and Pancratium maritimum L. at hinterland an habitat of seagrass Posidonia oceanica at seaward boundary of the area.

МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ • «Экология человека: здоровье, культура и качество жизни» 217

In this study the rate of biodiversity and environmental quality destruction of the Bafra Coastal zone will be discussed. For this purpose, the disadvantages such as size of the environmental destruction and the advantages such as tourist satisfaction and pleasure of urban scale mass tourism in Bafra will be compared with each other. The short term inputs to the economy and the long term losses on the social and cultural characteristics of the region will also discussed.

The result of the study will be the mirror for the future master plans that is inevitable part of the tourism investments for sustainable environment and tourism developments. It will also raise the awareness on tourism investments to maintain sustainability for the future plans and ecological concerns.