The influence of visual control on the quality of implementation of cyclic and acyclic movements in children of senior preschool age

Relevance. Senior preschool age is characterized by the development of vital motor actions by children. One of the factors influencing the quality of mastering motor action is the availability of the necessary amount of visual information that allows the child to navigate in space when performing it. In this regard, the question of the degree of influence of the volume of visual information on the quality of the implementation of basic movements in children of senior preschool age is actualized. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of visual control on the quality of the implementation of basic movements in children 5 and 6 years old. Research methods. The following methods were used: literature analysis, video analysis of movements, pedagogical experiment, mathematical statistics. Results. In the course of the study, the quality of motor actions in children 5 and 6 years old was assessed on the basis of an analysis of the dynamics of spatial and temporal indicators of cyclic (walking) and acyclic (catching a ball, holding a pose, squatting) movements performed with three variants of visual control: full (both eyes are open); subdominant eye (closing the leading eye by fixing the gaze); complete absence (both eyes closed). As a result of the study, it was found that in children by the end of senior preschool age, the amount of visual information ceases to have a significant impact on the spatial indicators of the quality of the implementation of cyclic movements of a locomotor nature. The study of the influence of visual control on the quality of the implementation of acyclic movements revealed that by the end of senior preschool age, the amount of visual information has a different effect on the spatial and temporal indicators of motor actions. Conclusion. Thus, a decrease in the amount of visual information during the transition from full visual control to control by the dominant eye, and then to its complete absence, worsens the spatial and temporal indicators of the quality of the implementation of the main cyclic (walking) and acyclic (catching the ball, holding a static posture, squatting) movements in children of senior preschool age.