Воинское кочевническое погребение с бронзовым котлом из некрополя Переволочан 1 на Южном Урале

The presented article publishes materials from the military burial 2 of kurgan 10 from the necropolis of Perevolochan 1. The materials of this necropolis are of significant importance for clarifying the chronological scale of antiquities of the South Ural nomads. In addition, the role of the materials in understanding cultural and historical processes in the steppe zone of the Southern Urals in the middle of the 1st millennium BC is of particular relevance. The burials from the kurgans of the necropolis of Perevolochan 1 were already published in the early 80s and mid-90s of the 20th century by the author of the excavations A.Kh. Pshenichnyuk, however, a detailed analysis of the accompanying inventory was not carried out. At the same time, the material complexes include items that are important both for the chronology and for the external relations study of the early nomads from the Southern Urals. By its design, the kurgan 10 is a complex burial structure: there was a central dromos burial with a wooden grave structure at its foundation. The central burial was surrounded by a ring-shape mound outside of which peripheral burials were located. The published burial belongs to chamber undercut graves. Separate items of horse equipment found in the burial allow us to draw analogies with the Scythian complexes of the Dnieper, Don, Kuban and Ciscaucasia regions, as well as to specify the date of the burial within the last decades of the 4th - early 3rd centuries BC. The finds from the burial, their analogies and dating confirm the concept that the South Urals received the majority of military imports (weapons and horse equipment) from Scythian territories around the middle of the 4th - early 3rd centuries BC. These imported items are mostly recorded in the Filippovka monuments. Particular attention should be paid to a bronze cauldron found in the burial, which has analogies in the territory of Southern Siberia, especially in the Minusinsk Basin. Therefore, this find marks the eastern vector of contacts of the Southern Ural nomads. The burial rite the accompanying inventory of burial 2 from kurgan 10 of the Perevolochan 1 necropolis allows us to classify this complex as a military burial of the Southern Urals nomadic nobility.