The question of grammatical means for expressing evaluation in the light of A. A. Shakhmatov’s syntactic research

This article examines A. A. Shakhmatov’s work, The Teaching About Parts of Speech, focusing on how it reflects the evaluative potential inherent in the forms and morphological categories of various parts of speech. Shakhmatov drew his analysis of grammatical classes from the syntactic functions of morphological units. He also highlighted the ability of specific gramemes to convey intense emotions and the speaker’s affect in communication. The examples provided by Shakhmatov illustrate the evaluative signals directed toward the message’s recipient. He identified suffixes and various grammatical categories of nouns and verbs as particularly effective means of expressing the speaker’s affect. The relevance of this article lies in the aim to reassess Shakhmatov’s grammatical heritage, spotlighting those aspects of his work that were, in some respect, ahead of their time and influenced the emergence of new linguistic paradigms. Shakhmatov’s research foreshadowed the pragmatic development of linguistics and emphasized the functional aspects of studying morphological units. His insights enhance our understanding of the range of grammatical tools used to express linguistic evaluation. Furthermore, investigating the structure of the functional-semantic field of evaluation, along with analyzing the hierarchical relationships among its components, represents a significant theoretical and practical task for contemporary linguistics.