Selection the source of fucoidan and optimization of its enzymatic hydrolysis

The development of biotechnology fucose and fucooligosaccharides from vegetable raw materials is of particular interest, due to the wide range of biological activity fucose. The fucose is an important carbohydrate component of immunoglobulins and performs important functions in the biological processes of ontogenesis, cell differentiation as well as in the reproductive processes in vertebrates and in the formation of immunity. The fucose and its polymers have prebiotic effects, fucooligosaccharides have also exhibit antioxidant activity. One of the promising methods of obtaining fucose and fucooligosaccharides is an enzymatic hydrolysis of fucoidan vegetable raw materials. The most accessible and inexpensive plant raw materials to extract fucoidan are the brown algae. Literary analysis showed that the algae Fucus vesiculosis are characterized by the highest content of fucoidan, the chemical structure of which is a homopolymer of fucose with a predominance of 1,3 - glycoside bonds. It was investigated the hydrolysis of fucoidan algae Fucus vesiculosis by immobilized enzyme preparation α-L-fucosidase for determine the optimal conditions of the enzymatic process. The efficiency of enzymatic degradation of fucoidan depends on several factors, the most important of which are the amount of the enzyme preparation, the pH of the reaction medium and the temperature at which the hydrolysis takes place, as well as its duration. Were determined the optimal process parameters of the enzymatic hydrolysis of fucoidan algal Fucus vesiculosis: the amount of the enzyme preparation of 6 U / g, the temperature 50 ° C, pH 7.0, the hydrolysis time 5 hours. Under these conditions, the degree of hydrolysis of fucoidan was 83-85%, which shows prospects of the enzymatic hydrolysis for obtaining of fucose from vegetable raw materials.