Dependence of primary stability of dental implant on the direction of the occlusal load

Dental implantology practice shows that oblique load on the implant is more dangerous than the vertical one. Of particular importance is the study of the implant-jaw system under oblique load studying the primary stability of dental implants, when osseointegration has not yet occurred and there is no adhesion at the bone-implant interface. The damaging effect of excessive loads in this case is associated with the danger of superfluous micromotions on the bone-implant interface (mutual displacements of corresponding points) arising under their action, which leads to disruption of the osseointegration process. On the simplest model of a dental implant with a square thread profile, the influence of the load tilt angle on the primary stability of the implant in the jaw is examined. Calculations are carried out by the finite element method in the ANSYS package. Graphs of changes in micromotion along the bone-implant interface are presented, tables of magnitudes and localizations of micromotion maximums and graphs of their dependence on the loading angle are given. It is shown that for non-integrated implants, transition from vertical to horizontal loading leads to a sharp decrease in implant stability, which at sufficiently high occlusal loads impairs osseointegration.