Genre of good wish (yoral) in Kalmyk poetry of the 20th - beginning of the 21st century: white month (tsagan sar). Part 2

The article continues the research on the topic started in the work published in the previous issue of the journal. Folklore texts and poems of contemporary Kalmyk poets, created in the form of good wishes for the calendar holiday of the White Month (Tsahan Sar) - the meeting of spring, became the material of the research. Comparative-typological and historical-functional approaches make it possible to trace the connection between the indicated folklore genre and the modern literary process, to study the genre transformation of good wishes for this holiday in the verses of modern Kalmyk poets. For modern Kalmyk lyrics in the native language, the intensity of addressing this topic is also not typical: six poems by six poets. Basically, these are representatives of the older generation who know oral folk art, customs and traditions. The titles of the works tend to manifest the holiday, sometimes good wish genre. The poem-wishes of modern Kalmyk poets is characterized by a folklore aspect, starting with the title and ending with formulaic expressions and keywords. The authors, describing in detail the ritual of meeting spring, use dialogic and monologic forms, conveying the verbal and kinetic features of the rite: greeting, handshake, good wishes. Mandatory landscape sketch, confirming the time and place of the action, according to folklore yoryals, shows the change of seasons, the awakening of nature. Both folklore and literary wishes usually have a complex theme: coming out of winter, welcoming spring, offering food to ancestors and deities, preparation of flour products - bortsyks, symbolizing fertility and wealth, greeting, going to guests, treating, exchange of festive gifts (tsakhana belg), including bortsyks, sweets, new clothes, etc., recitation of yoryals by the older generation with wishes for health, well-being, longevity, increase in offspring, increase in livestock, etc. The poems of Kalmyk poets of the last century about Tsagan Sara are characterized by great diversity in content and form, cyclization. Thus, among the poems-wishes about the holidays Zul and Tsagan Sar, most of them fall on the second holiday.