Genre as a basic category of formation of the literary process (on the issue of the story genre formation in the Finno-Ugric literatures of the Volga region in the beginning of the XX century)

The author of the article proves that a new concept of research of the formation and development of national literatures can be based on the idea of the genres history. The development of the story genre in Finno-Ugric literatures of the Average Volga region in the first quarter of the XX century enables to note the episodes, which are described as various types of communications of actually epic genres with an art sketch. Therefore the way of development of the story genre in the Finno-Ugric prose of the beginning of the century appears in the form of « a broken line », consisting of pieces of «the pure form » (story) and multilayered synthetic structures (a sketch, the story-sketch, the sketch). It proves an urgency of studying the problem of the genres development, with its modifications, interactions and diffusions.