The magtal genre in the Kalmyk poetry of the twentieth century. Article three

The folklore tradition of the praise (“magtal”) of the horse was parallel to the Kalmyk poets in poetry and songs published in the Kalmyk periodicals of the 19301940s, with the worship of the tractor as an iron horse ("tөmr kүlg”) and in a smaller degree of the machine / car, combine, trains (in the post-war period) as a steel horse (“bold kүlg”). The epic characteristic of the winged horse-aranzal Khan Dzhangar was embodied in the modification of the image of the aircraft as a winged horse (“nisdg kүlg”), an air horse (“aharin mөrn”, “aharin kүlg”). Aviation, pilot, aircraft as signs of a new era attracted special attention of Kalmyk poets of the pre-war and military period. Therefore, the folklore tradition (the winged horse) was modified over time into a comparison of an aircraft with a bird: in general - an iron bird (‘Чөшт shovun”), a steel bird (“bold shovun”), as well as with an eagle, a kite, including the political formula Stalin ’s falcons, but in replacement of falcons with hawks (stalinsk khartshs = Stalin’s hawks). Moreover, this key concept referred to both aircraft and pilots. Emo-exchanging vocabulary - aircraft, airplane, pilot - entered the national language, having displaced the Kalmyk neologisms (nisach = pilot, aharch = pilot). Labor and heroic achievements in the construction of a socialist state, triumphant conquest of the airspace, non-stop flights through continents, seas and oceans, mastering the northern and southern poles with the help of first The Soviet icebreakers, planes were reflected in the patriotic pathos of Soviet poetry of those years, in particular in Kalmyk poetry. At the same time, this is the emergence of the Soviet myth about the “great family” with the archetypes of Stalin-Father, the Motherland, heroic children.