A grammatical-translational study of qualitative semi-predicative devices in English

Use of linguistic units in the context of clear and real communication is the object of pragmatic analysis. The relationship between speaker and listener is verbal communication occurs in the context of, the speech action requires the text of the dialogue - and this content in the context of communication. For communication to occur should be the environment. The environment, in turn, is social in nature the social stratum is manifested in relation to the culture of the group. This group includes various misunderstandings, spiritual ambiguity, as well as a general knowledge base that allows for the elimination of uncertainties the ability to use the rules to ensure the success of communication will have. A person who does not have such skills is not in communication can not be effective. In verbal communication, the "burden" of information is, of course, linguistic units fall on the "shoulder", but the norm of interpersonal relations, to full communication without mastering the system of national and cultural values Unable to access. So communicative activity requires a variety of knowledge of which, for example, if linguistic knowledge is related to the structure of the language system, encyclopedic knowledge reflects reality, and finally, interactive knowledge interacts rules that underlie a relationship and are common to a social group requires knowledge of the set. When it comes to “linguistic communication skills,” it’s the same this knowledge is implied. Interactive knowledge for communication participants preferably at the same level, because only in this case unity and mutual understanding can be achieved. In English, adjectives are one of the impersonal forms of the verb, and they are two different - I quality and II quality. The adjective I is the suffix ing at the base of the verb is made by adding, and the formation of adjective II depends on the type of verb:

If the verb is correct, add the suffix - (e) d to the stem1 , if the verb if incorrect, use the -en suffix or a way to change the sound is made with. Even the adjective form of some wrong verbs is basically I'll be fine.

• 1    Example: I adjective II adjective reading helped going read (red) helping gone buying bought cut

In addition to adjective verbs, adjectives or adverbs also has.

The adjective's adjectives of quality and form are syntactic that he performs functions. On the one hand, adjectives are descriptive and like quality when the joint horse comes as a horse part of the cut, on the other hand, they are in speech become like that. For example:

• 1)    as a qualifier:

The note of rising irritation was plainly audible in Martin’s voice (E. Caldwell)

He knelt in silence, and in silence Caruzo laid his on the bent head (E. Caldwell).

• 2)    as a part of the adjective compound noun

The old man was tall and shadowy and stooping. (J. Steinbeck) Your people are excited and the word of your coming has traveledled all over the two valleys (J.Steinbeck).

• 3)    as an adjective:

Liza rose to her feet. Lavretsky followed her out. Going downstairs Liza suddenly stopped (H. James).

If strokeed she would merely bow meekly and be grateful for them. (H. James).

Adjective verb features appear in the following cases:

• 1)     I quality has the categories of perfect and ratio.

• 2)    to receive a filler without an adjective formed from a transitive verb you can:

Then taking a pocket knife, he deftly ripped up the torn sleeve supporting the child’s head against his breast, while Gemma held the injured hand (E. Caldwell). «I am happy it is you», sister Swarts said, patting Celias hand (J. Steinbeck).

• 3)    can be defined as an adjective.

His eyes dilated. She was quite still, hardly breathingig till he spoke again

(E. Caldwell).

There is no need to leave. - he said. ―Oh, but I know there is‖, the old man said nodding wisely (J. Steinbeck).

Perfect category in adjectives. Perfect category only I are adjectives only, and the adjective is perfect and non-perfect consists of an opposition of forms. For example: reading – having read, being read - having been read.

Non-perfect - the work done by the main verb in the adjective - represents an action that is simultaneous with the action, and the perfect adjective the action expressed by the main verb - the action that took place before the action - the action shows. For example: Reading this book, I came across, many unknown words. Having read the book, I gave it to my friend.

Adjective II has only one format, so it has no the grammatical category does not exist.

Ratio category in adjectives. I made of transitive verbs has an adjective ratio category:

Net Level: Passive Level: reading being read having read having been lead

In English, adjectives are passive analytical forms, they are made by adding the adjective II to the auxiliary verb to be. Adjective II does not have a ratio category because it has one - the opposite of one is the definite and the indefinite no uniforms.

The function of the adjective in speech. 1) I adjective determiner in the function:

―I hate you! ‖ She cried, turning on him with eyes like glowing coals (E. Caldwell) - I don't want to see you! He shouted. And the eyes burnt like burning coals (E. Caldwell).

―You are asking me why a drowning man struggles for his life. (P. J. Steinbeck) . The English adjective I, which acts as a determinant, is translated into Uzbek given through adjective forms.

The adjective I in the identifier function precedes the noun it identifies or may come later.

The active form of the I adjective, which came before the definition, is usually it is used alone, that is, it cannot come with subordinate clauses. For example: In the deepening dusk Harry looked dawn High Street and felt at home (J. Steinbeck). But it's getting darker and darker on the main street stood up and was glad to be home (J. Steinbeck). An adjective compound that controls subordinate clauses is usually used Used after identification:

Once in a while letters arrived from Alisher and Timur fighting on the front line (H. Davron). Alisher fighting on the front lines and short letters from Timur often came. (H. Davron) The hunter sipped his coflee and ate his burnt almonds with the grave and concentrated enjoyment of a cat drinking cream. (E. Caldwell). Sona to drink his coffee stretched out like a cat licking cream, a chandelier began to eat almonds with pleasure (E. Caldwell). It should be noted that the Uzbek language is a qualitative compound never comes after a horse that is being identified.

In English, the passive pronoun I is always in the post-position and corresponds to the Uzbek adjective in the passive pronoun. For example:

The hostel being built in our street is for University students.

The dormitory being built on our street is designed for university students.

The question now being discussed at the meeting is very important.

The issue currently being discussed at the meeting is very important.

Perfect forms of adjective I are not used in the determinative function. Sometimes the I adjective in the determinant function (or the turnover it generates) has considerable independence in speech and is defined by adjective I. the connection between In this case, the adjective I came in the function of a separate identifier will be Highlights are usually separated by commas. For example: Rivera, on his knees, scrubbling, looked up, with suspended brush, his bare arm flecked with soapy, dirty water (J. London). Kneel on the floor Rivera, who was washing, raised his head, dirty water from his soaked hands drops were flowing.

Three women, chatting at the gates of a house near the small market, recognized her (A. Ismailov). Whispering in front of a door closer to Guzar standing wives recognized him from afar (A. Ismailov).

• 2)    The adjective I is in the function of the horse part of the compound noun. The joy of the prisoners was almost overwhelming. Their speed was slow, however, because, pitfalls were somewhat common and has to be quarded against (M. Twain). The little captives do not know themselves from their joy, but they could not walk fast because there were deep lands at every step had to be careful (M. Twain).

• 3)    As an adjective I:

• a)    time holi. The adjective (adjective turnover) that performs the function of Knight Holi is basic

action performed or performed at the same time as the verb – action can represent. For example:

Placing the child on the chair, the hunter knelt down beside him. . . (E. Caldwell). And having spoken, he took his stand back to the fireplace (J. Galsworthy).

A qualitative or qualitative turnover that has performed the function of time corresponds to adjectives or adverbs in Uzbek:

Sitting still, he might have been taken for a very pretty girl masquerading in male attire (E. Caldwell). It's okay to be quiet can be thought of as a girl (E. Caldwell).

Coming home from work, he would tell them about the railway or a loccmotive, imitating its whistle (A. Ismailov). After work, tells his daughters the story of the train, called the "pipip" of the train (A. Ismailov).

Sometimes the adjective oborogi, which serves as a time holder and comes with while connectors:

Tlie Governer, when sending into the legate his report of the arrest, had begged as a special favorite permission of this case (E. Caldwell). Martin was in very high spirits while driving through the fertile country (E. Caldwell).

• b)    all forms of causative adjective I cause causal function can do. For example: ... but remembering that he had not seen her for three weeks, he held out his hand and said rightly: Good evening; Zita, how are you? (E. Caldwell)… and being occupied in preparations for an evening visit, it passed out of her thoughts entirely (B. S lower).

• c)    a similar situation. An adjective used in the analogy case or adjective turnover in the Uzbek language in the form of adjective (lying + day) is correct.

Martin stood and answered slowly, as though repeating a catechism ... (E. L E. Caldwell). Arthur stood up and said the words of the catechism replied solemnly as if repeating ... (E. Caldwell)

―I am no longer a child Harry, Mary was right‖. As though thinking aloud she murmered… (J. Steinbeck). ―I'm not a little kid anymore, Lennie, Mary is right‖. Whispering as if he were saying it out loud he continued ... (J. Steinbeck).

• g)    as is. In English, adjectives and adjectives are used interchangeably

When it performs its function, it is translated into Uzbek by means of:

Better die standing than live bending (Proverb). Kneel down It is better to die than to live (Proverbs). Then he went on his stomack and began to eat the eartli toughing mildly while he did it (J. Steinbeck). Then he fell off the cover and stiffened he began to bite the ground. (J. Steinbeck).

• d)    a case representing a series of actions. (adverbial modifier of circumstances). By adjective or adjective turnover is the main verb the action shown is the action that is more independent of the action. SHE IS Translation into Uzbek by the -ib form of the pronoun or personal verb forms

will be done: ThoughtI thought so‖, - she said looking Harry up and down. (J. Steinbeck). -

I thought so myself, "he said, glancing at Lenny from head to toe (J. Steinbeck).

―What feeling, - she observed to Gedeanovsky in an undertone.

―A splendid‖ - Gedeanovsky repeated, rolling up his eyes. (H. James).

"Dear woman," said Marya Dmitrievna Gedeanovsky, looking up at the sky (H. James).

• 4)    As part of the complex object I adjective: Mad Sam looked up and saw Harry approaching him (P. J. Steinbeck). The mad Sam raised his head and looked at Lenny, who was approaching him (P. Abraxams). And with Secret fear she saw Panshin riding into the courtyard (H. James). He saw Panshin entering the yard on horseback in fear of the unknown.

• 5)    The adjective I as a part of the compound verb:

Kudratullah could be heard swearing (A. Ismailov). Qudratullah heard swearing (A. Ismailov).

At about ten o’clock the next morning Lavretsky was seen mounting the porch steps of Kalitin’s house (H. James). The next day at ten o'clock Lavretsky They saw the keys going up to the house (H. James).

• 6)    qualitative turnover as an introduction:

Generally speaking, it would be useful to visit Britain again but I don’t think that I shall be able to do so this trip to the United States. (Daily Worker). - In general, it would be useful to be in England again, but On this trip to the United States, to land in England probably not.

However, some words are becoming more and more important in speech from limited lexical meaning and form came out adjectives are also not excluded from this general historical process. Their main task in science has become clarity, and accordingly which has a limited lexical meaning and the above the morphological form is mainly characteristic of adjectives.

So, the verb stem is an adjective with the addition of special suffixes to the base This is not to say that it is historically derived from an adjective. It is not the adjective or the adjective that is derived from the verb, but the two The category may have originated from the later stratification of the ancient.