Culturology. Рубрика в журнале - Arctic and North
Статья научная
The model of public policies aimed at the inclusion of European Nenets in the national legal space is analyzed. A large amount of published evidences of officials and travelers, as well as the archive materials show both positive and unsuccessful consequences of this policy, similar to the imperial, early Soviet, Soviet and post-Soviet ones. The issue of cultural sustainability of the Nenets ethnos that has developed mechanisms to counter internal and external forces destructive for their ethnic unity is discussed.
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Ethnic and demographic processes in the Russian Arctic
Статья научная
The population dynamics and ethno-national structure of Russian Arctic are analyzed and presented in the materials of Soviet and Russian census. А number of trends has been identified: negative demographic dynamics and outflow of population, especially in those regions, where the provision of foreign exchange reserves due to mining operations has decreased significantly. The European part of the Russian Arctic tends to be a monoethnic area where the population is predominantly old-settled (indigenous people and smallnumbered indigenous people). In economically attractive regions there is a fixed increase in the number of representatives from Central Asia Caucasus and the Asian-Pacific region. The increase in the number of indigenous small-numbered people is the key to preserving and developing the culture of these ethnic groups, but on the other hand it has a potential threat, including the contradictions between the need for industrial development of the Arctic and the need to preserve the indigenous way of life.
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Статья научная
The article focuses on a multidisciplinary analysis of the conceptual framework and the current situation of ethnic and cultural landscape of the Russian Arctic and reveals the problems of management of conflict interaction in social and ethnic relations. The author developed and discussed a technological model in order to move from the conceptualization of knowledge to the conflict management. The author analyzed Arctic ethnological monitoring activities in Russia and proposed a list of seven subject areas to form databases. Undoubtedly, the need to continue this work on the legislative level emerges to protect the rights of indigenous peoples. However, a key challenge is to ensure a balance between paternalism of the state aimed at preserving the indigenous cultures and increasing investment in human capital and the introduction of modern technologies. Social cohesion and the allocation of quotas for indigenous peoples of the North in the leading sectors of the modern economy are relevant for today. A need of transition to green economics in the Arctic, close to the traditional culture of northerners and their worldview is extremely important as well.
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The foundations of life of Nenets people on the arctic island of Kolguev
Статья научная
The social and economic foundations of indigenous people’s life on the Kolguev Island (Barents Sea) are presented in the article in terms of the ethno-sociological field work results, surveys and “focus-groups” research of Nenets people done in the years 2006, 2007 and 2014. The anxieties of people caused by the reducing of reindeer herd, changes of the environment that damaged the traditional way of life and economy and negatively influenced the quality of life of indigenous population were identified. Speaking about the transformations of the local environment, the indigenous people of the Kolguev Island mentioned natural and climatic anomalies, changes of plants and populations of birds and animal as well as the increasing pollution of the Island.
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