Goals, objectives and mechanisms of Russian spatial development

The authors refer to the history of the issue of Russian spatial organization, study stages and this problem devel- opment, the formation of scientific schools of the economy spatial development of the country, recognized world- wide, its degradation in the 90s and energizing at the present stage. Considering the planning of spatial devel- opment of the Russian Federation, the authors formulate the most important principles: the territorial integrity of Russia, equal significance of the spatial development levels and the absolute value of each location, spatial justice, balance, improving the controllability of spatial development. As the purpose of the spatial development of Russia, the authors define a significant increase in the efficiency of use of the spatial factor in strengthening the competitive position of Russia in the global economy with a view to preserving and strengthening the foun- dations of national security in the changing world. Among the main challenges the authors identify: improving the degree of integration of the Russian Federation; creation of spatial environments which is favorable for life; promotion of competitiveness; global processes and local interests; the minimization of spatial transaction costs; effective implementation of transit potential; ensuring harmonious and balanced development of the economy and a number of others. As the basic mechanisms of implementation of priorities of spatial development of the Russian Federation, the authors propose a horizontal integration of regions and municipalities, the creation and use of corporations of the macro-regions' development, the establishment of the Institute of coordination the development policy of all incoming territories, private sector participation, development of national and other forms of investment projects' support. Along with the above mechanisms, the article focuses on the adop- tion of the staff formation measures of the tasks of the economy innovative modernization at all levels through the formation of preparation system of qualified personnel-oriented economy sectors from the perspective of regional economic complexes' specialization and the creation of conditions to prevent the outflow from Russia. Along with the programmatic approach to implement spatial development, the authors talk about the need for widespread use of the design approach, including the development and implementation of projects of interre- gional cooperation, infrastructure mega-projects in transport and energy projects aimed at creating innovative and social infrastructure of the Federal, interregional and regional levels. According to the authors, all of these mechanisms should contribute to the objective of Russian spatial development.