Цитопенический синдром у ВИЧ-положительных пациентов (анемия, тромбоцитопения, нейтропения, МДС)

Автор: Дудина Г.А., Оганнисян А.А., Мабудзаде Ч.К., Кремнева Н.В., Петрова Е.С.

Журнал: Вестник гематологии @bulletin-of-hematology

Рубрика: Гематология: вчера, сегодня, завтра

Статья в выпуске: 3 т.19, 2023 года.

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Цитопения является частым гематологическим синдромом у пациентов с инфекцией, вызванной вирусом иммунодефицита человека (ВИЧ). Однако распространение, факторы риска появления и прогрессирования цитопенического синдрома у пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией практически не исследованы. В гемограмме могут выявляться анемия, тромбоцитопения, нейтропения, лимфоцитопения или их комбинации. В патогенезе цитопенического синдрома важная роль отводится гликопротеинам поверхностной оболочки ВИЧ, которые могут способствовать активации воспалительных путей, влияющих на микроокружение костного мозга. При этом цитокины воздействуют на гемопоэтические стволовые клетки, в частности интерлейкин-6, воздействует на гепсидин, изменяя гомеостаз железа. Вирус иммунодефицита человека может снижать уровень эндогенного гранулоцитарного колониестимулирующего фактора (Г-КСФ). Оппортунистические инфекции, особенно с теми микроорганизмами, которые традиционно приводят к гранулематозному воспалению, включая микобактерии, грибы, паразиты, могут привести к миелофиброзному поражению костного мозга. Хотя распространенность цитопений у ВИЧ-инфицированных снизилась с введением новых препаратов АРТ-терапии, даже полностью контролируемая ВИЧ-инфекция остается фактором риска развития анемии, нейтропении и тромбоцитопении.

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ВИЧ, анемия, тромбоцитопения, нейтропения, лейкопения, АРТ

Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/170199867

IDR: 170199867

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